Luminaire emitting two different bands of disinfection light

ABSTRACT

An antimicrobial system, including a luminaire. The luminaire includes a first disinfection light source to emit a first disinfection light in a first ultraviolet (UV) band for disinfecting an occupied space of a plurality of pathogens that are exposed to the first disinfection light, the first UV band being 200 nanometers (nm) to 250 nm principal wavelength. The luminaire also includes a second disinfection light source to emit a second disinfection light in a second UV band for disinfecting an unoccupied space of the plurality of pathogens that are exposed to the second disinfection light, the second UV band being 200 nm to 400 nm principal wavelength. The antimicrobial system also includes a disinfection light control device to generate a control signal to control emission of the first disinfection light and the second disinfection light.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent applicationSer. No. 17/186,832, filed on Feb. 26, 2021, titled “LUMINAIRE WITHDISINFECTION LIGHT EXPOSURE AND DOSAGE LIMIT CONTROL PROTOCOL AND SENSORINTEGRATION WITH HEIGHT CONTROLLER,” which is a continuation-in-part ofU.S. patent application Ser. No. 17/005,971, filed on Aug. 28, 2020,titled “LUMINAIRE WITH DISINFECTION LIGHT EXPOSURE AND DOSAGE LIMITCONTROL PROTOCOL AND SENSOR INTEGRATION,” the entire disclosures ofwhich are incorporated herein by reference.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present subject matter relates to disinfection lighting devices,luminaires incorporating combined disinfection light components, andtechniques of operating such equipment to provide combinationdisinfection light, e.g., ultraviolet (UV) light, to deactivate apathogen for an antimicrobial application, e.g., for disinfection,across multiple disinfection light components.

BACKGROUND

Disinfection light, such as ultraviolet (UV) light, is known todeactivate various types of pathogens. In recent years, there have beenvarious proposals to incorporate, in general lighting equipment, lightsources specifically configured to deactivate bacteria, viruses, andother pathogens on a surface, such as Methicillin-ResistantStaphylococcus Aureus (MRSA) on work surfaces, sinks, floors etc. ofhospitals, nursing homes or the like.

A number of these proposals have suggested use of disinfection light ator around 405 nanometers (nm), that is to say, in the near-ultravioletend of the visible spectrum. Some examples of such equipment haveutilized light in a wavelength range that includes at least a portion inthe humanly visible spectrum for the disinfection light, e.g.,disinfection light having a maximum peak at a wavelength in a range of400 nanometers (nm) to 450 nm, which may be perceptible as visible lightduring disinfection operations. Other types of lighting equipmentproviding a disinfection illumination function or service, however, mayutilize appropriate wavelengths in the range from 180 nm to 380 nm inthe ultraviolet portion of the spectrum that is not visible to a humanduring a disinfection operation. At least some UV wavelengths appear tobe more efficacious for disinfection than visible wavelengths. Althoughsome UV wavelengths (e.g. far-UVC in the range of 200 nm to 230 nm), ifused properly, may have little or no harmful effect on human occupants,other UV wavelengths suitable for disinfection may be harmful to thepeople in the area. However, even far-UVC light, if used improperly, canstill be harmful to humans.

For many UV applications, such as disinfection, effectiveness requiresat least a certain minimum intensity of the applied UV light. Forexample, to ensure effective disinfection of a surface or air in a roomin a hospital or the like, it may be necessary to apply UV of aparticular intensity for a specific duration of time. The application ofsufficient intensity over a specific duration serves to apply acumulative amount of UV light energy so as to deactivate or killpathogens, such as viruses, bacteria, protozoans, fungi, such as mold,or other harmful microorganisms.

As noted above, UV light for disinfection or other functions is notvisible to a human. Unlike general illumination with visible light, aperson in or entering a space being treated might not realize that aluminaire is outputting UV light. Possible acute and chronic damage toeyes and skin may result from the UV wavelength used in many germicidallamps. Certain bands of UV light (e.g., UVB) penetration of human tissuecan cause sunburn, skin cancer, cataracts, photokeratitis, and otherconditions. In addition, although disinfection light lamps in lower endof the visible light range, such as the 405-430 nm wavelength range canbe used for disinfection in occupied spaces, the 405-430 nm is not aseffective against viruses as UV light and typically require a muchlonger duration of exposure for disinfection of a surface. However,combining far UVC lighting with more intensive UV lighting can improvethe disinfecting functionality of a luminaire, without sacrificing humansafety.

Accordingly, UV light exposure and dosage limit controls are needed tosafely control human exposure to UV light emission in a potentiallyharmful wavelength range while allowing for more rapid disinfection of atarget pathogen on a surface or suspended in air. The examples describedherein describe safety limits to avoid an unsafe amount of humanexposure to excessive UV light radiation by utilizing two light sourcesset to two UV bands.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The drawing figures depict one or more implementations in accord withthe present teachings, by way of example only, not by way of limitation.In the figures, like reference numerals refer to the same or similarelements.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a luminaire that implements a disinfectionlight exposure and dosage limit control protocol.

FIG. 2 is a high-level functional block diagram of an example of anantimicrobial system that includes thirteen luminaires like that of FIG.1 and twelve disinfection light control devices.

FIG. 3 illustrates tying the control of a disinfection light source ofthe luminaire to the position of an occupant (e.g., human) in thephysical space.

FIGS. 4A-D depict a variety of disinfection status indicators to conveya visible cue to a human of a disinfection state of a vicinity.

FIG. 5 depicts a user interface device that displays a lifetime limitstate of the disinfection light source of the luminaire.

FIG. 6 is a block diagram of a disinfection light control device that isan occupancy, audio, or daylight sensor.

FIG. 7 is a block diagram of a disinfection light control device that isa pathogen sensor.

FIG. 8A is a block diagram of a disinfection light control devices thatis a wall switch.

FIG. 8B is a block diagram of a disinfection light control devices thatis a touch screen device.

FIGS. 9A-B are block diagrams of a disinfection lighting device (e.g.,luminaire) like that of FIG. 1 that implements a disinfection lightexposure and dosage limit control protocol further based on a mountingheight of the luminaire.

FIG. 10 is a block diagram of a height controller that is a rangefinding sensor.

FIG. 11 is a block diagram of a height controller that is a dip switchto manually input a mounting height switch signal.

FIG. 12 is another block diagram of a height controller that is a dipswitch and a real time clock to provide a time of day signal.

FIG. 13 is a high-level functional block diagram of an example of anantimicrobial system like that of FIGS. 2-3, which includes thirteenluminaires of FIGS. 9A-B and three disinfection light control devicesconfigured as height controllers.

FIGS. 14A-B illustrate an example configuration of a height controllerthat is a single-sided depth sensing device, which includes a depthsensor on one side, in simplified block diagram form.

FIGS. 15A-B illustrate an example of a hardware configuration of anotherheight controller that is a depth sensing device, which includes a depthsensor on two sides, in simplified block diagram form.

FIG. 16 shows an example of a hardware configuration for thedisinfection LCD device (e.g., height controller), specifically thedepth sensing device of FIGS. 14A-B and 15A-B, in simplified blockdiagram form.

FIG. 17 is a high-level functional block diagram of the antimicrobialsystem of luminaires, the disinfection light control network; andvarious types of height controllers (e.g., depth sensing devices)designed to commission a luminaire by establishing a mounting height.

FIGS. 18A-B depict a height controller that is a single-sided depthsensing device with a first field of view for a depth sensor and asecond field of view for a camera receiving a luminaire identifier froma luminaire.

FIG. 18C depicts a height controller that is a depth sensing headset orautonomous vehicle carrying a depth sensing device with an upper fieldof view.

FIGS. 19A-C depict a height controller that is a dual-sided depthsensing device with two fields of view.

FIGS. 20A-B illustrate infrared light patterns projected by an infraredprojector of a depth sensor of a height controller (e.g., depth sensingdevice) and infrared light captured by an infrared camera of the depthsensor of the height controller.

FIG. 21 is a block diagram of a disinfection lighting device (e.g.luminaire) like that of FIG. 1 which implements a separate first andsecond disinfection light sources.

FIG. 22 is a high-level functional block diagram of an example of anantimicrobial system that includes a plurality of luminaires like thatof FIG. 2 and a plurality of disinfection light control devices.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

In the following detailed description, numerous specific details are setforth by way of examples in order to provide a thorough understanding ofthe relevant teachings. However, it should be apparent to those skilledin the art that the present teachings may be practiced without suchdetails. In other instances, well known methods, procedures, components,and/or circuitry have been described at a relatively high-level, withoutdetail, in order to avoid unnecessarily obscuring aspects of the presentteachings.

The various examples disclosed herein relate to an antimicrobial system1 that includes lighting devices for disinfection and to luminaire(s) 10incorporating a disinfection light source 16 and an optional generalillumination light source 18. The luminaire(s) 10 includes exposure anddosage limit control techniques for such disinfection of a targetpathogen 187 on a surface 188 or suspended in air 189. The disinfectionlight 17 produced has properties (e.g. wavelength, energy and/or timeduration) suitable to deactivation of one or more potentially harmfultarget pathogen(s) 187.

Target pathogen(s) 187, for example, include microorganisms, bacteria,viruses (e.g., coronavirus, norovirus, etc.), protozoa, prions, fungalspores, and other infectious agents. Such a target pathogen 187 isdeactivated, for example, if the disinfection light exposure deactivatesthe pathogen or otherwise damages the target pathogen 187 (e.g. rupturesthe cell membrane or breaks DNA or RNA chain in the pathogen) so as tolimit or prevent the harmful function of the target pathogen 187.

Although the discussion herein is focused on light fixture typeluminaire(s) 10 that have a fixed position in a space, it should beunderstood that other types of luminaire(s) 10 can be used/sensed inlieu of light fixtures, such as lamps. The term “luminaire” 10 as usedherein, is intended to encompass essentially any type of device, e.g., alight fixture or a lamp that processes energy to generate or supplydisinfection light 17 from a disinfection light source 16. The luminaire10 optionally emits artificial illumination lighting 19 from a generalillumination light source 18, for example, for general illumination of aphysical space 2 intended for use of or occupancy or observation,typically by a living organism that can take advantage of or be affectedin some desired manner by the light emitted from the device. Theluminaire 10 may provide the optional artificial illumination lighting19 for use by automated equipment, such as sensors/monitors, robots,etc. that may occupy or observe the illuminated physical space 2,instead of or in addition to light provided for an organism. However, itis also possible that one or more luminaire(s) 10A-N in or on aparticular premises have other lighting purposes, such as signage for anentrance or to indicate an exit. In most examples, the luminaire(s)10A-N disinfect a physical space 2 of a target pathogen 187 andoptionally illuminate a physical space 2 of a premises to a level usefulfor a human 185 in or passing through the space 2, e.g. generalillumination lighting 19 of an office, room, or corridor in a buildingor of an outdoor physical space 2 such as a street, sidewalk, parkinglot or performance venue. The actual disinfection light source 16 of theluminaire 10 that emits disinfection light 17 may be any type of lightemitting device, several examples of which are included in thediscussions below. Each example of the luminaire 10 with integrateddisinfection capability described later includes a disinfection lightsource 16.

The “luminaire” 10 can include other elements such as electronics and/orsupport structure, to operate and/or install the particular luminaireimplementation. Such electronics hardware, for example, may include someor all of the appropriate driver(s) for the disinfection light source 16and optional general illumination light source 18, any associatedcontrol processor or alternative higher-level control circuitry, and/ordata communication interface(s). As noted, the lighting component(s) arelocated into an integral unit, such as a light fixture or lampimplementation of the luminaire 10. The electronics for driving and/orcontrolling the lighting component(s) may be incorporated within theluminaire 10 or located separately and coupled by appropriate means tothe light source component(s).

The term “antimicrobial system” 1, “lighting control system,” or“lighting system” 2201 as used herein, is intended to encompassessentially any type of system that either includes a number of suchluminaires 10A-N coupled together for data communication and/orluminaire(s) including or coupled together for data communication withone or more disinfection light control devices 20A-M, such as occupancy,audio, or daylight sensors 45A-C, wall switches 46A-C, control panels(e.g., touch screen devices 47A-C), pathogen sensors 48A-C, mobiledevice 25, remote controls, central lighting or building controlsystems, servers, etc.

The disinfection light 17 of a luminaire 10, for example, may have anintensity and/or other characteristic(s) that satisfy an industryacceptable performance standard for disinfection of surface(s) 188 orair 189 in a vicinity 180 of the physical space 2. The term“antimicrobial” means to disinfect by disinfecting or otherwisedeactivating, killing, or slowing the spread of the target pathogen 187.The term “disinfect” means to reduce an amount of target pathogen 187 bya desired amount 140, for example, by a desired log reduction. Thedisinfection performance standard may vary for different uses orapplications of the physical space 2, for example, as betweenresidential, medical, hospital, office, manufacturing, warehouse, orretail spaces. Moreover, the disinfection performance standard may varyamong multiple vicinities 180A-D of the physical space 2, for example, aphysical space 2 may subdivided into different areas requiring varyinglevels of disinfection requirements, such as a desired amount 140 (e.g.,desired log reduction). Any luminaire 10, however, may be controlled inresponse to commands received with the network technology of theantimicrobial system 1, e.g. to turn the disinfection light source 16 onON/OFF, to dim the light intensity of the disinfection light 17, toadjust the disinfection light 17 output, etc.

Terms such as “disinfection light” 17 when referring to the disinfectionlight source 16 or “artificial lighting” or “illumination lighting” 19when referring to the general illumination light source 18, are intendedto encompass essentially any type of lighting in which a luminaire 10produces light by processing of electrical power to generate the light.A luminaire 10 for disinfection light 17, for example, may take the formof a lamp, light fixture, or other luminaire 10 that incorporates adisinfection light source 16, where the disinfection light source 16 byitself contains no intelligence or communication capability, such as oneor more lamps (e.g., gas excimer lamps), LEDs or the like, etc. of anysuitable type. However, the luminaire 10 includes a luminaire controlcircuit 12 implements the disinfection light exposure and dosage controlprotocol described herein.

Illumination lighting 19 output from the general illumination lightsource 18 of the luminaire 10 may carry information, such as a code(e.g. to identify the luminaire or its location) or downstreamtransmission of communication signaling and/or user data. Thelight-based data transmission may involve modulation or otherwiseadjusting parameters (e.g. intensity, color characteristic ordistribution) of the illumination lighting 19 from the generalillumination light source 18.

Terms such as “disinfection lighting device,” “lighting device,” or“lighting apparatus,” as used herein, are intended to encompassessentially any combination of an example of a luminaire 10 discussedherein with other elements such as electronics and/or support structure,to operate and/or install the particular luminaire implementation. Suchelectronics hardware, for example, may include some or all of theappropriate driver(s) for the disinfection light source 16, anyassociated control processor or alternative higher-level controlcircuitry, and/or data communication interface(s). The electronics fordriving and/or controlling the lighting component(s) may be incorporatedwithin the luminaire 10 or located separately and coupled by appropriatemeans to the light source component(s).

The term “coupled” as used herein refers to any logical, optical,physical, or electrical connection, link or the like by which signals orlight produced or supplied by one system element are imparted to anothercoupled element. Unless described otherwise, coupled elements or devicesare not necessarily directly connected to one another and may beseparated by intermediate components, elements or communication mediathat may modify, manipulate, or carry the light or signals.

The direction of the arrows in the drawings, however, are for ease ofillustration only. In actual implementations of the luminaire 10, thebeams of the disinfection light 17 may be aimed in a variety ofdifferent directions, to facilitate optical processing by the variouscomponents discussed herein and/or to direct the disinfection light 17output in a manner suitable to a particular application or installation.Also, the drawings show disinfection light 17 and illumination lighting19 outputs from the luminaire 10 in a downward direction, for example,as if mounted to direct output light down from a ceiling, pedestal, orlamp post through an illuminated volume toward a floor or an objectsurface 189 (e.g., work surface) or air positioned above the floor. Itshould be apparent that a luminaire 10 may be positioned in a variety ofother orientations suitable for disinfection of a target pathogen 187 ina particular physical space 2, including surface(s) 188 and air 189 by adesired amount 140 (e.g., desired log reduction).

Reference now is made in detail to the examples illustrated in theaccompanying drawings and discussed below. FIG. 1 is a block diagram ofa disinfection lighting device (e.g., luminaire 10) that implements adisinfection light exposure and dosage limit control protocol. As shown,the luminaire 10 includes a disinfection light source 16 to emit adisinfection light 17, e.g., in an ultraviolet (UV) band fordisinfecting a vicinity 180 of a physical space 2 of a target pathogen187 that is exposed to the disinfection light 17. Generally, the UV bandcan cover the wavelength range 100-400 nanometers (nm), which issub-divided into three bands: UVA (315-400 nm) UVB (280-315 nm) UVC(100-280 nm). In a first example, the UV band of the disinfection light17 can be UVC spectrum between 200 nm to 230 nm wavelength. Morespecifically, the UV band of the disinfection light 17 can be UVCspectrum between approximately 207 nm to 230 nm. In another example, theUV band is approximately 222 nm or approximately 254 nm. In yet anotherexample, the disinfection light 17 may be just outside of the UV band,such as the visible light spectrum between 405-430 nm.

Luminaire 10 includes a power supply 105 that is driven by a line powersource 101 and optionally a non-line power source 102. A line powersource 101 is referred to as grid power, wall power, and domestic power,alternating current (AC) electric power produced and delivered via ACmains to homes and businesses. Line power source 101 is the form ofelectrical power that consumers use when they plug in domesticappliances, televisions, and electric lamps into wall outlets. Linepower source 301 conveys line power (e.g., 120 volts alternating current(VAC), 244 VAC, or 277 VAC), sometimes referred to as “household power,”“household electricity,” “house current,” “powerline,” “domestic power,”“wall power,” “line power,” “AC power,” “city power,” “street power”that is produced by an electric utility provider. Non-line power source102 in the example is a battery, solar panel, or any other AC or DCsource (e.g. a generator) that is not line powered.

Power supply 105 may include a magnetic transformer, electronictransformer, switching converter, rectifier, or any other similar typeof circuit to convert an input power signal into a power signal suitablefor a disinfection light source 16 and an optional general illuminationlight source 18. Luminaire 10 includes power distribution circuitry 125driven by the line power source 101 or non-line power source 102. Thepower distribution circuitry 125 distributes power and ground voltagesto the luminaire processor 130; luminaire memory 131; luminaire wirelessradio communication interface system 155 (e.g., wireless transceivers);optional on-board occupancy, daylight, or audio sensor 45; and optionalon-board pathogen sensor 48 to provide reliable operation of the variouscircuitry on the luminaire 10. Luminaire processor 130 includes acentral processing unit (CPU) that controls the light source operationof the disinfection light source 16 and the optional generalillumination light source 18. Luminaire memory 131 can include volatileand/or non-volatile storage.

In the case of luminaire 10, the disinfection light source 16 isconfigured to emit disinfection light 17 in a UV band for disinfecting avicinity 180 of a physical space 2 of a target pathogen 187. Theoptional general illumination light source 18 is configured to emitillumination lighting 19 in the vicinity 180 of the physical space 2.The physical space 2 can include an office, hospital, medical facility,classroom, restaurant, retail store, restroom, and other private orpublic facilities.

Disinfection light source 16 can be an electrodeless UV lamp, such as agas excimer lamp. An excimer lamp is a source of ultraviolet lightproduced by spontaneous emission of excimer molecules from an excitedelectronic state to the ground state. To excite emission of excimermolecules, an electric discharge that releases and transmits electricityin an applied electric field through a medium, such as a gas, can beutilized. The excimer lamp can include arc discharge light sources witha special chamber filled with noble gas, completely mercury-free, andwithout electrodes. One example disinfection light source 16commercially available from Ushio America, Inc. is the Care222® UVdisinfection module. The disinfection light source 16 can includefiltered excimer lamps, which use a KrCL working excimer molecule, togenerate 222 nm far-UVC light capable of inactivating a target pathogen187, such as viruses and bacteria, on surface(s) 188 of various objects(e.g. desk, table, counter, chairs, etc.) and suspended in air 189.Disinfection light source 16 can emit intermittent pulses of thedisinfection light 17 to reduce the target pathogen 187 on the surface188 and suspended in air 189, and can include a short pass filter tofilter out from the lamp the longer UV wavelengths that are harmful to ahuman 185. Other types of disinfection light sources 16 that areunfiltered are commercially available from High Energy Ozone LLC (HEO3),Sterilray™, and Eden Park Illumination, although these are examples ofdisinfection light sources 16 that are unfiltered. The disinfectionlight source 16 can be a disinfection light module that includes one ormore disinfection light sources (e.g., one, two, three, four, or moreexcimer lamps). Commercially available lamps for illumination lighting19 sometimes included coatings to block UV light. In one example, thedisinfection light source 16 can be a commercially available xenon lampthat has the coatings that block UV light removed to allow the UV lightto emanate out as the disinfection light 17.

Luminaire 10 further includes a driver circuit 11 coupled to control thedisinfection light source 16 (e.g., lamp) to control light sourceoperation of the disinfection light source 16. Driver circuit 11 caninclude an electrical circuit that pulses a high voltage to ignite orstrike an arc of the disinfection light source 16, after which thedischarge of the disinfection light source 16 can be maintained at alower voltage. For example, the driver circuit 11 can include a ballastand an igniter, which can be wired in series with the disinfection lightsource 17 to control current flow through the gas medium of thedisinfection light source 17. When the power is first switched on, theigniter/starter of the driver circuit 11 (which can be wired in parallelacross the lamp) sets up a small current through the ballast andstarter. This creates a small magnetic field within the ballastwindings. A moment later, the starter interrupts the current flow fromthe ballast, which has a high inductance and therefore tries to maintainthe current flow (the ballast opposes any change in current through it);it cannot, as there is no longer a circuit. As a result, a high voltageappears across the ballast momentarily, to which the lamp is connected;therefore, the lamp receives this high voltage across it which strikesthe arc within the tube/lamp. The driver circuit 11 will repeat thisaction until the lamp of the disinfection light source 16 is ionizedenough to sustain the arc. When the lamp sustains the arc, the ballastof the driver circuit 11 performs its second function, to limit thecurrent to that needed to operate the lamp of the disinfection lightsource 16. The lamp, ballast and igniter are typically rating-matched toeach other; these parts are typically replaced with the same rating asthe failed component to ensure proper operation.

Disinfection light source 16 and the optional general illumination lightsource 18 may include electrical-to-optical transducers, such as variouslight emitters. The emitted disinfection light 17 may be in the UVspectrum in the case of the disinfection light source 16, the visiblespectrum for the illumination lighting 19 emitted from the generalillumination light source 18, or in other wavelength ranges. Suitablelight generation sources include various conventional lamps, such asincandescent, fluorescent or halide lamps; one or more light emittingdiodes (LEDs) of various types, such as planar LEDs, micro LEDs, microorganic LEDs, LEDs on gallium nitride (GaN) substrates, micro nanowireor nanorod LEDs, nanoscale LEDs, photo pumped quantum dot (QD) LEDs,micro plasmonic LED, micro resonant-cavity (RC) LEDs, and micro photoniccrystal LEDs; as well as other sources such as micro super luminescentDiodes (SLD) and micro laser diodes. A luminaire 10 that includes alaser diode as the disinfection light source 16 can include a lightfrequency up-converter to convert original light produced from the laserdiode via second, third, or fourth harmonic light generation intodisinfection light 17 (of a shorter wavelength) to deactivate a targetpathogen 187. The laser diode Examples of such a light frequencyup-converter to emit disinfection light 17 (e.g., UV light) fromconverted original light (e.g., visible light) from the laser diode aredisclosed in U.S. Patent Pub. No. 2020/0073199, published Mar. 5, 2020,titled “Light Frequency Upconversion of Laser Light, for Cleansing,” theentirety of which is incorporated by reference herein. Of course, theselight generation technologies are given by way of non-limiting examples,and other light generation technologies may be used. For example, itshould be understood that non-micro versions of the foregoing lightgeneration sources can be used.

A lamp or “light bulb” is an example of a single light source. An LEDlight engine may use a single output for a single source but typicallycombines light from multiple LED type emitters within the single lightengine. Disinfection light source 16 can include a module of multiplegas excimer lamps and LEDs to emit the disinfection light 17. Optionalgeneral illumination light source 18 can include light emitting diodes(LEDs) that emit red, green, and blue (RGB) light or tunable white lightto emit the illumination lighting 19. Many types of light sourcesprovide uniform light output, although there may be some intensitystriations. For purposes of the present examples, however, the lightsource output may not be strictly uniform across the output area oraperture of the source. For example, although the source may useindividual emitters or groups of individual emitters to produce thelight generated by the overall source; depending on the arrangement ofthe emitters and any associated mixer or diffuser, the light output maybe relatively uniform across the aperture. The individual emitters orgroups of emitters may be separately controllable, for example tocontrol intensity of the source output.

Driver circuit 11 can also be coupled to the optional generalillumination light source 18. Driver circuit 11 can drive thedisinfection light source 16 and/or the optional general illuminationlight source 18 by regulating the power to disinfection light source 16and the optional general illumination light source 18 by providing aconstant quantity or power to the disinfection light source 16 and theoptional general illumination light source 18 as their electricalproperties change with temperature, for example. The driver circuit 11provides power to disinfection light source 16 and the optional generalillumination light source 18. As noted above, the driver circuit 11 mayinclude a ballast and an igniter for an arc gaslamp type of disinfectionlight source 16. Alternatively or additionally, driver circuit 11 caninclude a constant-voltage driver, constant-current driver, or AC LEDdriver type circuit that provides dimming through a pulse widthmodulation (PWM) circuit and may have many channels for separate controlof different LEDs or LED arrays that comprise the optional generalillumination light source 18 or even a disinfection light source 16formed of LEDs. An example of a commercially available driver circuit 11is manufactured by EldoLED®. In the case of luminaire 10, the drivercircuit 11 is coupled to the disinfection light source 16 and theoptional general illumination light source 18 to control light sourceoperation of the disinfection light source 16 and the optional generalillumination light source 18.

Driver circuit 11 can further include an AC or DC current source orvoltage source, a regulator, an amplifier (such as a linear amplifier orswitching amplifier), a buck, boost, or buck/boost converter, or anyother similar type of circuit or component. Driver circuit 11 may outputa variable voltage or current to the disinfection light source 16 andthe optional general illumination light source 18 that may include a DCoffset, such that its average value is nonzero, and/or an AC voltage.

In order to advantageously reduce a physical size of a rectifier (AC-DCconverter), e.g., included in the power supply 105 or the driver circuit11, the luminaire 10 can include a plurality of disinfection lightsources 16A-N (e.g., two, three, four, or more). Execution of theexposure and dosage control programming 132, controls, via the drivercircuit 11, the plurality of disinfection light sources 16A-N, such thatthe plurality of periods 137A-N (e.g., on cycles) of the dose cycle 136are divided among the plurality of disinfection light sources 16A-N in asequential fashion. For example, if there are two disinfection lightsources 16A-B, then a first disinfection light source 16A can be drivenon for a first period 137A (e.g., 31 seconds) and the seconddisinfection light source 16B can be driven on for a second period 137B(e.g., 31 seconds). In a third period 137C, the first disinfection lightsource 16A is driven on again and in a fourth period 137D the seconddisinfection light source 16B is driven on again. Splitting the periods137A-N (e.g., on cycles) of the dose cycle 136 across a plurality ofdisinfection light sources 16A-N that are sequentially driven, enablesthe disinfection light sources 16A-N to have lower power requirements,which means the rectifier (e.g., included in the power supply 105 or thedriver circuit 11) can have a smaller form factor. Two disinfectionlight sources 16A-B that require 15 Watts of power each are equivalentto a single disinfection light source 16 that requires 30 Watts. Bydriving the two disinfection light sources 16A-B that are 15 Wattssequentially and doubling the plurality of periods 137A-N, the sametarget pathogen UV radiation level 139 can be achieved as the singledisinfection light source 16 that is 30 Watts. Having the plurality ofdisinfection light sources 16A-B reduces the physical size of therectifier and thereby lowers production cost of the luminaire 10.

Luminaire 10 includes a luminaire control circuit 12, for example, tomodulate pulses of the disinfection light 17 emitted from thedisinfection light source 16 at an appropriate dose, for example, tooperate within American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists(ACGIH) safety guidelines of an ultraviolet radiation threshold limit133. The luminaire control circuit 12 includes a luminaire processor 130coupled to the driver circuit 11 and configured to control thedisinfection light source 16 via the driver circuit 11. Luminairecontrol circuit 12 further includes a luminaire memory 131 accessible tothe luminaire processor 130.

As shown, the luminaire memory 131 includes a UV radiation thresholdlimit 133 for safe exposure of a human 185 to the UV band over apredetermined dose period 134. Luminaire memory 131 further includes atotal UV radiation threshold exposure level 135 over a dose cycle 136 ofthe vicinity 180. The dose cycle 136 corresponds to the predetermineddose period 134 or is a fraction or multiple thereof. Luminaire memory131 further includes a target pathogen UV radiation level 139 that issufficient to reduce the target pathogen 187 by a desired amount 140,e.g., a desired logarithmic (log) reduction, in the vicinity 180 overthe predetermined dose period 134. The desired log reduction can specifythe desired amount 140 of reduction of the target pathogen 187. Forexample, desired log reduction is a 0-log reduction is no reduction ofthe target pathogen 187 from the original concentration, while a 1-logreduction corresponds to a reduction of 90% of the target pathogen 187,a 2-log reduction corresponds to a reduction of 99% percent of thetarget pathogen 187, a 3-log reduction corresponds to a reduction of99.9% of the target pathogen 187, and a 4-log reduction corresponds to areduction of 99.99% of the target pathogen.

Luminaire memory 131 further includes exposure and dosage controlprogramming 132 to implement the disinfection light exposure and dosagelimit control protocol described herein. Execution of the exposure anddosage control programming 132 by the luminaire processor 130 configuresthe luminaire 10 to perform the following functions. First, theluminaire 10 initiates the dose cycle 136 of the vicinity 180 in whichthe disinfection light source 16 emits the disinfection light 17continuously or during a plurality of periods 137A-N of the dose cycle136 by recording a beginning time 138 of the dose cycle 136. Theplurality of periods 137A-N of the dose cycle 136 are lengths of timethat the disinfection light source 16 is turned on to the emitdisinfection light 17. Second, the luminaire 10 controls, via the drivercircuit 11, the disinfection light source 16 over the dose cycle 136 toemit the disinfection light 17 continuously or during the plurality ofperiods 137A-N for disinfecting the vicinity 180 to substantially obtainthe target pathogen UV radiation level 139 and restrict the total UVradiation threshold exposure level 135 by the UV radiation thresholdlimit 133.

For example, assume the UV radiation threshold limit 133 is 22millijoules per centimeter squared (mJ/cm²) over a predetermined doseperiod 134 of 8 hours (hr) and the UV band of disinfection light 17 isapproximately 222 nm. Assume the target pathogen UV radiation level 139is 24 mJ/cm² to deactivate many common pathogens of concern and adesired on time for the disinfection light source 16 is 75 minutes aday. Then, in a dose cycle 136 that is 24 hours, this results in a totalUV radiation threshold exposure level 135 of 66 mJ/cm² on the head ofthe human 185 and 27.5 mJ/cm² on the surface 188. In the example, thetotal UV radiation threshold exposure level 135 is also not exceeded inany one eight-hour period during the 24-hour dose cycle 136. This totalUV radiation threshold exposure level 135 is based on the followingassumptions: the human 185 is 6 feet 2 inches individual (95 percentileof height of a male in the United States); the surface 188 is tabletopthat is 3 feet above the floor; the luminaire 10 is mounted on a 9 footceiling; and the reflectance of the surface 188, ceiling, and walls ofthe vicinity 180 is approximately 5%.

This results in emission of 22 mJ/cm² over the plurality of periods137A-N of the dose cycle 136. This means for every 75 minutes per day,the disinfection light source 16 is on approximately 31.25 seconds forevery 10 minutes or 15.625 seconds for every 5 minutes. The on time ofthe disinfection light source 16 and number of periods 137A-N iscontrolled by the exposure and dosage control programming 132 and canalso factor in the typical rated lifetime limit 145 (e.g., 3,000 hours)of the disinfection light source 16 to maximize a desired calendar life(e.g., 5 years) of the disinfection light source 16. Based on theforegoing discussion, it should be understood that the UV radiationthreshold limit 133 is adjustable and depends on the UV band of thedisinfection light 17 and assumptions regarding the size or stature ofthe human 185; height/position of the surface 188; mounting location ofthe luminaire 10; and reflectance of the surface 188, ceiling, and wallsof the vicinity 180. The target pathogen UV radiation level 139 is alsoadjustable and depends on the target pathogen 187 of concern.

The function to control, via the driver circuit 11, the disinfectionlight source 16 over the dose cycle 136 includes functions to: (a) emitthe disinfection light 17 for disinfecting the vicinity 180, (b) trackan elapsed time 141 of the dose cycle 136 based on the beginning time138, (c) adjust the total UV radiation threshold exposure level 135based on the emission of the disinfection light 17 continuously orduring the plurality of periods 137A-N, (d) determine whether the totalUV radiation threshold exposure level 135 falls below or exceeds the UVradiation threshold limit 133, and (e) determine whether the total UVradiation threshold exposure level 135 falls below or exceeds the targetpathogen UV radiation level 139.

In a first example where the dosage limit of disinfection light 17 isnot reached, the function to control, via the driver circuit 11, thedisinfection light source 16 over the dose cycle 136 includes furtherfunctions to: (f) in response to determining that the total UV radiationthreshold exposure level 135 falls below the UV radiation thresholdlimit 133 and falls below the target pathogen UV radiation level 139,repeat functions (a) to (e).

In a second example where the dosage limit of disinfection light 17 isreached, the function to control, via the driver circuit 11, thedisinfection light source 16 over the dose cycle 136 further includesfunctions to: (g) in response to determining that the total UV radiationthreshold exposure level 135 exceeds the UV radiation threshold limit133 or the target pathogen UV radiation level 139, end the dose cycle136 by disabling emission of the disinfection light 17 for disinfectingthe vicinity 180 based on the elapsed time 141 of the dose cycle 136 andthe predetermined dose period 134.

As further shown in FIG. 1, the luminaire 10 can optionally includeintegrated disinfection light control devices (LCDs) 20A, 20J. Thedisinfection light control device 20 generates a control signal 170 tocontrol emission of a disinfection light 17 in an ultraviolet (UV) bandfor disinfecting a vicinity 180 of a physical space 2 of a targetpathogen 187. Alternatively or additionally, as shown in FIG. 2, theluminaire 10 can be coupled (e.g., via a wired or wireless disinfectionlight control network 7) to various disinfection light control devices20A-M.

Returning to FIG. 1, disinfection light control device 20A is anoccupancy, daylight, or audio sensor 45 and disinfection light controldevice 20J is a pathogen sensor 48. The drive/sense circuitry 46 anddetectors 47 of the occupancy, daylight, or audio sensor 45 are shown ason-board the luminaire 10. Detectors 47 can be an occupancy sensor(e.g., infrared sensor or image sensor, such as a camera, for occupancyor motion detection), an in-fixture daylight sensor, an audio sensor, atemperature sensor, or other environmental sensor. Drive/sense circuitry46, such as application firmware, drives the occupancy, audio, and photosensor hardware.

In an example where the disinfection light control device 20 controlsemission of disinfection light 17, execution of the exposure and dosagecontrol programming 132 by the luminaire processor 130 configures theluminaire 10 to perform the following functions. First, luminaire 10receives the control signal 170 from the disinfection light controldevice 20. Second, in response to receiving the control signal 170, theluminaire 10 controls, via the driver circuit 11, the disinfection lightsource 16 over the dose cycle 136 to emit the disinfection light 17 fordisinfecting the vicinity 180 to substantially obtain the targetpathogen UV radiation level 139 and restrict the total UV radiationthreshold exposure level 135 by the UV radiation threshold limit 133.

Hence, control of the disinfection light source 16 can be tied tooccupancy via a first control (e.g., sensing) signal 170A from theoccupancy sensor 45 that indicates occupancy of the vicinity 180 by ahuman 185. The disinfection light control device 20A includes detectors47 (e.g., an occupancy detector 45). Occupancy sensor 45 can be apassive infrared sensor, active infrared sensor, image sensor (e.g.,visible light camera) that captures images and subsequently processesthe captured image to detect the human 185. The control signal 170includes a first sensing signal 170A from the occupancy detector 45 thatindicates the human 185 is present in the vicinity 180. An elapsed time141 of the dose cycle 136 tracks only when the human 185 is present inthe vicinity 180. The function to restrict the total UV radiationthreshold exposure level 135 by the UV radiation threshold limit 133includes the following. First, the luminaire 10 tracks the elapsed time141 of the dose cycle 136 as a sum of a plurality of time durations144A-N that the human 185 is present in the vicinity 180 while thedisinfection light 17 is emitted from the disinfection light source 16.Second, the luminaire 10 determines the total UV radiation thresholdexposure level 135 across the plurality of time durations 144A-N. Third,the luminaire 10 determines that the total UV radiation thresholdexposure level 135 is approaching the UV radiation threshold limit 133.Fourth, in response to determining that the total UV radiation thresholdexposure level 135 is approaching the total UV radiation threshold limit133, the luminaire 10 disables emission of the disinfection light 17from the disinfection light source 16 while the human 185 is present inthe vicinity 180.

In another occupancy sensing example, the first sensing signal 170Ainhibits transmission of UV type of disinfection light 17 if the human185 is present. If the first sensing signal 170A indicates the vicinity180 is unoccupied, the disinfection light source 16 can be controlled toaccelerate emission of a desired dose of disinfection light 17, e.g. 24mJ/cm² as a super dose level 142 during an accelerated super dose timeperiod. If the first sensing signal 170A indicates the vicinity 180 isoccupied, then the 24 mJ/cm² is emitted during a standard dose cycle 136with a much longer time period compared to the accelerated super dosetime period of the super dose level 142. Additionally, if the firstsensing signal 170A indicates no human 185 has entered the vicinity 180since the end of the standard dose cycle 136 or emission of the superdose level 142, then there may be no need for further disinfection ofthe vicinity 180. Such a control technique can advantageously extend alifetime of the disinfection light source 16 and save energy.Alternatively, based on the first sensing signal 170A, if the physicalspace 2 is a large room like a store, it can be desirous to know if thehuman 185 is in a specific vicinity 180A of a plurality of vicinities180A-D (e.g., FIG. 3) so as to only disinfect the specific vicinity180A. Hence, only the disinfection light source 180A of the luminaire10A where the human 185 is turned on to emit disinfection light 17 todisinfect the specific vicinity 180A while the human 185 is actuallypresent and shortly thereafter occupying the vicinity 180A.

Control of the disinfection light source 16 can be tied to a pathogensensor 48 present in the vicinity 180. The pathogen sensor 48 can belocated in the vicinity 180 or outside the vicinity 180 in a heating,ventilation, and air conditioning system (HVAC). The spectrometer 49 canutilize Raman spectroscopy to examine light absorption or laser light toexcite the examined surface(s) 188 of objects in the physical space 2and the target pathogen 187 to a quasi-excited state. The fluorescenceof the surface 188 from one atomic state to another is then examined,and based on Raman spectroscopy, the target pathogen 187 can bedetected, e.g., by analyzing carbon dioxide, oxygen, humidity,temperature, etc. Machine learning be used to detect a specific type oftarget pathogen 187 (e.g., virus).

With a robust pathogen sensor 48, the vicinity 180 can be disinfectedwhen a target pathogen 187 is detected. Examples of luminairesincorporating a pathogen sensor 48 with a spectrometer 49 for pathogendetection are disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 10,281,326, issued May 1, 2019,titled “Fixture that Provides Light Incorporating a ReconfigurableSpectrometer”; and U.S. Pat. No. 10,458,844, issued Oct. 29, 2019,titled “Reconfigurable Optical Fiber Spectrometer in a Lighting Device,”the entireties of which are incorporated by reference herein.

In this example, disinfection light control device 20J includes thepathogen sensor 48. The control signal 170 includes a second sensingsignal 170B from the pathogen sensor 48 indicating that the targetpathogen 187 is present in the vicinity 180. The pathogen sensor 48includes a spectrometer 49 and a sense circuit 50. The sense circuit 50includes a pathogen sensor processor 730 configured to control thespectrometer 49, a pathogen sensor memory 731 accessible to the pathogensensor processor 730 and storing spectral reference data 752 of thetarget pathogen 187, and pathogen sensor programming 751 in the pathogensensor memory 731. Execution of the pathogen sensor programming 751 bythe pathogen sensor processor 730 configures the pathogen sensor 48 toperform the following functions. First, the pathogen sensor 48generates, via the spectrometer 49, a spectral power measurement 753 forthe vicinity 180 by detecting, via the spectrometer 49, light passed,reflected, or shifted and regenerated by the target pathogen 187.Second, the pathogen sensor 48 analyzes, via the sense circuit 50, thespectral power measurement 753 against spectral reference data 752(e.g., a spectral power distribution) to generate the second sensingsignal 170B indicating whether the target pathogen 187 is present in thevicinity 180. This analysis compares the spectral power measurement 753with the spectral reference data 752 to determine the presence of anytarget pathogen 187, but may also determine a specific target pathogenidentifier 754 of the target pathogen 187. The spectrometer 49 can be aRaman spectrometer, and other types of suitable spectrometers can beused.

Super dosing of the vicinity may occur, for example, if a human 185 isnot in the vicinity 180 or if the target pathogen 187 is detected in thevicinity 180. In this example, the control signal 170 includes eitherthe first sensing signal 170A from the occupancy detector 45 thatindicates the human 185 is not present in the vicinity 180 or the secondsensing signal 170B from the pathogen sensor 48 indicates that thetarget pathogen 187 is present in the vicinity 180. Hence, the functionto control, via the driver circuit 11, the disinfection light source 16over the dose cycle 136 to emit the disinfection light 17 includes to:in response to receiving control signal, increase the emission of thedisinfection light 17 for disinfection of the vicinity 180 to a superdose level 142 to accelerate deactivation of the target pathogen 187such that the UV radiation threshold limit 133 is exceeded over thepredetermined dose period 134.

As shown in FIGS. 1-2, a super dose level 142 can be emitted from thedisinfection light source 16 in response to a control signal 170 fromother types of disinfection light control devices 20D-I, such as abutton being pushed on wall switches 56A-C or touch screen devices57A-C. For example, the human 185 can activate the super dose level 142with a button after visually verifying no humans are in the vicinity 180(e.g., room). An occupancy sensor 45 and the button are thus used anextra safety margin to avoid the human 185 being exposed to thedisinfection light 17. For example, the super dose level 142 can beactivated automatically when the vicinity 180 is unoccupied based on thefirst sensing signal 170A from the occupancy sensor 45 or based on afourth control signal that is a defined time of day 170D. The super doselevel 142 can be activated automatically in response to the detection ofthe target pathogen 187 by the pathogen sensor 48 and when the vicinity180 is detected as being unoccupied by the occupancy sensor 45. Thesuper dose level 142 can be activated automatically in response to thedetection of target pathogen 187 and the vicinity 180 being unoccupied,but then not activated during the dose cycle 136 unless the vicinity 180is occupied by the human 185 again.

Without active cooling, the luminaire 10, including the disinfectionlight source 16 and the driver circuit 11, may possibly overheat. Tosafely emit a super dose level 142, the disinfection light source 16 maybe turned off periodically for cooling during a dose cycle 136 of thesuper dose level 142. For example, the dose cycle 136 of the super doselevel 142 may be 21 minutes total and include 15 minutes total on timeand 6 minutes total off time. Hence, in the example, the dose cycle 136of the disinfection light source 16 alternates between three periods137A-C (e.g., on cycles) that are 5 minutes each and three off cyclesthat are 2 minutes each during the dose cycle 136. Additionally, in someexamples, the luminaire 10 can include a thermocouple (not shown) tomeasure a temperature of critical components of the luminaire 10,including the disinfection light source 16 and the driver circuit 11. Ifthe measured temperature exceeds a temperature threshold (not shown)stored in the luminaire memory 131, the disinfection light source 16 canbe turned off by the exposure and dosage control programming 132. Thistechnique can be generally utilized in the light exposure and dosagecontrol protocol procedure described herein, but is particularlyapplicable to the super dose level 142.

Compensation for depreciation of the disinfection light source 16 can beemployed, for example, if the disinfection light 17 output slowlydecreases over time. Although one technique to compensate fordepreciation is to increase the intensity of the disinfection light 17,such a technique can damage the disinfection light source 16 andadversely affect a rated lifetime limit 145 and a calendar life of thedisinfection light source 16. Hence, to compensate for depreciation ofthe disinfection light source 16, the luminaire 10 increases the on timeas the disinfection light source 16 depreciates over time. The luminairememory 131 includes a total disinfection light source on time 143 thatspecifies a cumulative on time that the disinfection light 17 is emittedfrom the disinfection light source 16 over a lifetime of thedisinfection light source 16.

In the depreciation compensation example, execution of the exposure anddosage control programming 132 by the luminaire processor 130 configuresthe luminaire 10 to perform functions, including functions to: monitoreach time duration 144A-C of past periods 137A-C of the dose cycle 136that the disinfection light source is on; update the total disinfectionlight source on time 143 based on the monitored time durations 144A-C;and adjust future periods 137D-N of the dose cycle 136 based on thetotal disinfection light source on time 143. If the disinfection lightsource 16 becomes dimmer over the monitored time durations 144A-C, thenthe adjustment increases a length of the future periods 137D-N. This isachieved by establishing the disinfection light source 16 depreciationvs. on time relationship function (e.g., which can be linear, curved,etc.) and then increasing the on time (e.g., length of the futureperiods 137D-N of dose cycle 136) to account for the depreciation of thedisinfection light source 16. If the disinfection light source 16depreciation relationship is +10%, then the disinfection light source 16is turned on for 10% longer, e.g., the length of period 137D of the dosecycle becomes 10% longer. For example, the on time is initially 31.25seconds every 10 minutes in periods 137A-C, but becomes 34.375 secondsfor every 10 minutes in subsequent periods 137D-N. Alternatively, if thedisinfection light source 16 becomes brighter over the monitored timedurations 144A-C of past periods 137A-C, then the adjustment decreasesthe on time of future periods 137D-N. If the disinfection light source16 depreciation relationship is −5%, then the disinfection light source16 is turned on 5% less, e.g., the length of period 137D of the dosecycle becomes 5% shorter. For example, the on time is initially 30seconds every 10 minutes in periods 137A-C, but becomes 28.5 seconds forevery 10 minutes in subsequent periods 137D-N.

Depreciation compensation can also be applied to the super dose level142. For example, the luminaire memory 131 includes a total disinfectionlight source on time 143 that specifies a cumulative on time that thedisinfection light 17 is emitted from the disinfection light source 16over a lifetime. The function to control, via the driver circuit 11, thedisinfection light source 16 over the dose cycle 136 to emit thedisinfection light 17 includes to: based on the total disinfection lightsource on time 143, adjust a super dose time period of the super doselevel 142 to compensate for depreciation of the disinfection lightsource 16. The super dose time period of the super dose level 142 isdifferent earlier in the lifetime of the disinfection light source 16compared to later in the lifetime of the disinfection light source 16.For example, if the disinfection light source 16 becomes dimmer overtime and the disinfection light source 16 depreciation relationship is+10%, then the disinfection light source 16 is turned on for 10% longer,e.g., the super dose time period increases and becomes 10% longer.Alternatively, if the disinfection light source 16 becomes brighter overtime and the depreciation relationship is −5%, then the super dose timeperiod decreases by 5%.

A failure check can be implemented in the exposure and dosage controlprogramming 132 to ensure the disinfection light source 16 is runningproperly. For example, a voltage and a current of the driver circuit 11and/or the disinfection light source 16 can be monitored by the exposureand dosage control programming 132. In addition, an optical sensor (notshown) can be incorporated into the luminaire 10 or elsewhere in theantimicrobial system 1 to ensure the disinfection light source 16 is onat an appropriate intensity level. The optical sensor can be a UV sensoror a visual sensor that monitors the fluorescence and a measuredintensity level of the fluorescence of the disinfection light source 16(e.g., in the glass) against a normal intensity range (not shown) or anormal fluorescence range (not shown) that are stored in the luminairememory 131 to check whether the disinfection light source 16 is runningproperly or has failed.

If the luminaire 10 is installed in an outdoor type of physical space 2,e.g., where the vicinity is 180 is located outdoors, then the exposureand dosage control programming 132 can implement techniques to saveenergy and extend a lifetime of the disinfection light source 16. Directsunlight is a known disinfectant and has optical disinfectantproperties. Hence, in the outdoor vicinity 180, the exposure and dosagecontrol programming 132 turns the disinfection light source 16 off whena first control signal 170A indicates the outdoor vicinity 180 is bathedin direct sunlight, e.g., based on a first sensing signal 170A receivedfrom a daylight sensor 45. When the first sensing signal 170A receivedfrom the daylight sensor 45 indicates the outdoor vicinity 180 is nolonger being bathed in sunlight and is dark, e.g., the sun is obscuredby clouds or at low angles, then the exposure and dosage controlprogramming 132 operates the disinfection light source 16 of theluminaire 10 in accordance with the dosage and limit controls describedherein.

As shown, luminaire processor 130 is optionally coupled to a luminairecommunication interface system 155 for receiving and transmittingvarious control signals 170E-N for disinfection light 17. Luminairecommunication interface system 155 of FIG. 1, sensor communicationinterface system 655 of FIGS. 6-7, and disinfection LCD communicationinterface system 855 of FIGS. 8A-B allow for data communication (e.g.,wired or wireless) over various networks, including the disinfectionlight control network 7 of FIGS. 2-3. Communication interface systems155, 655, 855 include at least one radio frequency (RF) transceiver(XCVR), for example, a single-band, dual-band, or tri-band chipset of RFtransceiver(s) 156A-B configured for wireless communication via separateradios that operate at three different frequencies, such as sub-GHz(e.g., 900 MHz), Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) (2.4 GHz), and 5 GHz, forexample. For example, luminaire communication interface system 155 ofluminaire 10A includes a first luminaire RF transceiver 156A configuredfor wireless communication (e.g., unicast and multicast) via a wirelessdisinfection light control network 7 over a first wireless disinfectionlight control network communication band (e.g., sub-GHz) for lightingcontrol and systems operations (or information), such as control signals170E-N for disinfection light 17, with member devices 6B-Y (e.g.,luminaires 10B-N and disinfection light control devices 20A-M) of thedisinfection light control group 8. Wireless radio communicationinterface system 155 can include a second luminaire wireless RFtransceiver 156B for communication (e.g., point-to-point) via acommissioning network (not shown) with the disinfection light controldevices 20M (e.g., mobile device 25) over a second different wirelesscommissioning network communication band, such as 1 GHz or abovecommunications (e.g., 2.4 GHz for Bluetooth) for commissioning,configuration, or maintenance operations. Luminaire 10 can communicateover an optional secondary network (e.g., wired or wireless LAN) via thesecond luminaire wireless RF transceiver 156B, such as a backhaulnetwork for communication between the luminaires 10A-N, disinfectionlight control devices 20A-M, and a network controller (e.g., gateway)220. Transport layer methods ride on the network layer function of theRF transceivers 156A-B. The second luminaire RF transceiver 156B isoptional. As further shown, luminaire communication interface system 155can include an optional wired network communication interface 157 forcommunication over a wired disinfection light control network 7.

Luminaire processor 130, sensor processor 630 of FIG. 6, pathogen sensorprocessor 730 of FIG. 7, and disinfection LCD processor 830 of FIGS.8A-B serve to perform various operations, for example, in accordancewith instructions or programming executable by processors 130, 630, 730,830. For example, such operations may include operations related tocommunications with various antimicrobial system 1 elements, such asluminaires 10A-N and disinfection light control devices 20A-M during thedisinfection light exposure and dosage control protocol proceduredescribed herein. Although a processor 130, 630, 730, 830 may beconfigured by use of hardwired logic, typical processors are generalprocessing circuits configured by execution of programming. Processors130, 630, 730, 830 include elements structured and arranged to performone or more processing functions, typically various data processingfunctions. Although discrete logic components could be used, theexamples utilize components forming a programmable CPU. A processor 130,630, 730, 830 for example includes one or more integrated circuit (IC)chips incorporating the electronic elements to perform the functions ofthe CPU. The processors 130, 630, 730, 830 for example, may be based onany known or available microprocessor architecture, such as a ReducedInstruction Set Computing (RISC) using an ARM architecture, as commonlyused today in mobile devices and other portable electronic devices. Ofcourse, other processor circuitry may be used to form the CPU orprocessor hardware in. Although the illustrated examples of theprocessors 130, 630, 730, 830 include only one microprocessor, forconvenience, a multi-processor architecture can also be used. A digitalsignal processor (DSP) or field-programmable gate array (FPGA) could besuitable replacements for the processors 130, 630, 730, 830, but mayconsume more power with added complexity.

Luminaire memory 131, sensor memory 631 of FIG. 6, pathogen sensormemory 731 of FIG. 7, and disinfection LCD memory 831 of FIGS. 8A-B arefor storing data and programming. In the example, the main memory system131, 631, 731, 831 may include a flash memory (non-volatile orpersistent storage) and/or a random access memory (RAM) (volatilestorage). The RAM serves as short term storage for instructions and databeing handled by the processors 130, 630, 730, 830 e.g., as a workingdata processing memory. The flash memory typically provides longer termstorage.

Of course, other storage devices or configurations may be added to orsubstituted for those in the example. Such other storage devices may beimplemented using any type of storage medium having computer orprocessor readable instructions or programming stored therein and mayinclude, for example, any or all of the tangible memory of thecomputers, processors or the like, or associated modules.

FIG. 2 is a high-level functional block diagram of an example of anantimicrobial system 1 that includes thirteen luminaires 10A-N like thatof FIG. 1 and twelve disinfection light control devices 20A-M.Antimicrobial system 1 implements the disinfection light exposure anddosage limit control protocol. As described herein, the disinfectionexposure and dosage control protocol also includes communications insupport of turning a disinfection light source 16 of luminaires 10-Non/off, adjusting intensity, sensor trip events, and other controlsignals 170A-N. As shown, the control signals 170E-N can be receivedfrom disinfection light control devices 20A-M via the disinfection lightcontrol network 7.

Antimicrobial system 1 may be designed for a physical space 2 (e.g.,on-premises), which can be indoor or outdoor. As shown in the example,antimicrobial system 1 includes a variety of lighting network elements,including luminaires 10A-N and disinfection light control devices 20A-M.Luminaires 10A-N can be coupled via a disinfection light control network7 (e.g., wired or wireless network) to various disinfection lightcontrol devices 20A-M to receive control signals 170E-N for thedisinfection light via the disinfection light network 7 or alternativelyinclude (e.g., integrate or incorporate) disinfection light controldevices 20A-C to receive control signals 170A-C for the disinfectionlight 17.

Antimicrobial system 1 provides a variety of disinfection light controlsof a disinfection light control group 8 over the disinfection lightcontrol network 7. For purposes of communication and control, eachluminaire 10A-N and disinfection light control device 20A-M is treatedas a single or a multi-addressable device that can be configured tooperate as a respective member 6A-Y of the disinfection light controlgroup 8 that communicates over the disinfection light control network 7.

When equipped with disinfection light control devices 20A-M andluminaires 10A-N, the disinfection light exposure and dosage limitcontrol protocol implemented by the antimicrobial system can proceed asfollows. Execution of the exposure and dosage control programming 132 bythe luminaire processor 130 configures the luminaire 10 to perform thefollowing functions. First, the luminaire 10 receives the control signal170 from the disinfection light control device 20. Second, in responseto receiving the control signal 170, the luminaire 10 controls, via thedriver circuit 11, the disinfection light source 16 over the dose cycle136 to emit the disinfection light 17 continuously or during theplurality of periods 137A-N for disinfecting the vicinity 180 tosubstantially obtain the target pathogen UV radiation level 139 andrestrict the total UV radiation threshold exposure level 135 by the UVradiation threshold limit 133.

The control signal 170 can include: (i) a first sensing signal 170A froma detector 47 indicating that the human 185 is not present in thevicinity 180, (ii) a second sensing signal 170B from a pathogen sensor48 indicating that the target pathogen 187 is present in the vicinity180, (iii) an on/off signal 170C responsive to a wall switch 56 or atouch screen device 57, (iv) a time of day 170D for disinfection of thevicinity 180, or (v) or a combination thereof.

Hence, control operations for the disinfection light 17 of theantimicrobial system 1 can involve networked collaboration between theluminaires 10A-N and the disinfection light control devices 20A-M thatcomprise the disinfection light control group 8. In the example, thedisinfection light control group 8 includes a plurality of memberdevices 6A-Y (25 devices total), which are shown as the luminaires 10A-Nand disinfection light control devices 20A-M. Luminaires 10A-N canreceive the control signals 170E-N from disinfection light controldevices 20A-M via the disinfection light control network 7. All or someof the components of the depicted disinfection light control devices20A-M, such as occupancy, daylight, or audio sensors 45A-C and pathogensensors 48A-C, etc. can be directly incorporated into the luminaires10A-N, as shown in FIG. 1.

Disinfection light control devices 20A-C include occupancy, daylight, oraudio sensors 45A-C to enable controls for occupancy and intensityadjustment of the disinfection 17. As shown, disinfection light controldevices 20D-F are wall switches 56A-C; disinfection light controldevices 20G-I are touch screen devices 57A-C; disinfection light controldevices 20J-L are pathogen sensors 48A-C; and disinfection light controldevice 20M is a mobile device 25. Generally, the disinfection lightcontrol devices 20A-M execute a disinfection application 223, as shownfor mobile device 25, for communication of disinfection light controland system information over the disinfection light control network 7,e.g., to transmit the control signals 170D-N to luminaires 10A-N.

As shown, each of the luminaires 10A-N include an on-board luminairecontrol circuit 12, such as a micro-control unit (MCU), that includes aluminaire memory 131 (volatile and non-volatile) and a centralprocessing unit (CPU) 130. As shown, the control circuit 12 of theluminaires 10A-N is coupled to a driver circuit 11 that controls lightsource operation of a disinfection light source 16 and an optionalgeneral illumination light source 18. Occupancy, daylight, or audiosensors 45A-C have a micro-control unit (MCU) coupled to drive/sensecircuitry 46 operable to control detectors 47 (e.g., occupancy,daylight, or audio sensors). Pathogen sensors 48A-C have an MCU thatincludes a sense circuit 50 operable to control a spectrometer 49.

Luminaires 10A-N and disinfection light control devices 20A-M cancommunicate control signal(s) 170E-N for the disinfection light 10 overa wireless disinfection light control network 7 (e.g., 900 MHz) andaccordingly each include a first radio 156A in the sub-GHz range. Avariety of control signals 170E-N for the disinfection light 17 aretransmitted over wireless disinfection light control network 7,including, for example, to turn the disinfection light source 16 on/offand sensor trip events. In a first example, each luminaire 10A-N anddisinfection light control device 20A-M is also equipped with a secondabove 1 GHz radio 156B (e.g., near range 2.4 GHz Bluetooth Low Energy(BLE)) that communicates over a separate commissioning network (notshown) for purposes of commissioning and maintenance of theantimicrobial system 1, however no control signals 170E-N for thedisinfection light 17 pass over this commissioning network. In a secondexample, wireless disinfection light control network 7 and commissioningnetwork are combined, such that both control signals 170E-N fordisinfection light 17 and commissioning/maintenance information passover the above 1 GHz range wireless communication band. In the secondexample, luminaires 10A-N and disinfection light control devices 20A-Mare only equipped with the above 1 GHz radio 156B for communication ofcontrol signals 170E-N for disinfection light 17 andcommissioning/maintenance information.

The antimicrobial system 1 can be provisioned with a mobile device 25that includes a commissioning/maintenance application (not shown) forcommissioning and maintenance functions of the antimicrobial system 1.For example, mobile device 25 enables mobile commissioning,configuration, and maintenance functions and can be a PDA or smartphonetype of device with human interfacing mechanisms sufficient to performclear and uncluttered user directed operations. Mobile device 25 runsmobile type applications on iOS7, Android KitKat, and windows 10operating systems and commissioning/maintenance application to supportcommissioning.

Antimicrobial system 1 can leverage existing sensor and fixture controlcapabilities of Acuity Brands Lighting's commercially available nLight®wired product through firmware reuse. In general, Acuity BrandsLighting's nLight® wired product provides the lighting controlapplications. However, the illustrated antimicrobial system 1 includes acommunications backbone and includes model—transport, network, mediaaccess control (MAC)/physical layer (PHY) functions. The sub-GHzcommunications of the wireless disinfection light control network 7features are built on a near 802.15.4 MAC and PHY implantation withnetwork and transport features architected for special purpose controland air time optimizations to limit chatter.

Antimicrobial system 1 further includes a gateway 220. The gateway 220is a computing device that provides access between a wide area network(WAN) 255 and a local communication network, such as the disinfectionlight control network 7. The WAN 255 (e.g., Internet) can be a cellularnetwork, optical fiber, cable network, or satellite network that can beconnected to via Ethernet, for example. The gateway 220 may providerouting, access, and other services for the luminaires 10A-N and thedisinfection light control devices 20A-M residing at the physical space2, for example.

Antimicrobial system 1 further includes a cloud computing device 266,and the cloud computing device 266 resides off-premises 265 (e.g.,cloud) meaning the cloud computing device 266 is a remote computingdevice or server hosted on the Internet to store, manage, and processdata, rather than the local gateway 220. The gateway 200, cloudcomputing device 266, or mobile device 25 (via disinfection app 223) canalso be used to monitor and control (e.g., switch on/off) thedisinfection light 17 of the luminaires 10A-N and other components ofthe antimicrobial system 1, such as disinfection light control devices20A-M. Gateway 220, cloud computing device 266, and mobile device 25 canreceive and process data from the luminaires 10A-N and the disinfectionlight control devices 20A-M. For example, the gateway 220, cloudcomputing device, and mobile device 25 can adjust the total UV radiationthreshold limit 133, target pathogen radiation level 139, desired amount140 (e.g., desired log reduction), super dose level 142, rated lifetimelimit 145, and other parameters of the dose cycle 136.

Antimicrobial system 1 can be deployed in standalone or integratedenvironments. Antimicrobial system 1 can be an integrated deployment, ora deployment of standalone groups with no gateway 220. One or moredisinfection light control groups 8A-N of antimicrobial system 1 mayoperate independently of one another with no backhaul connections toother networks. Antimicrobial system 1 may comprise a mix and match ofvarious indoor systems, wired lighting systems (nLight® wired),emergency, and outdoor (dark to light) products that are networkedtogether to form a collaborative and unified lighting solution.Additional control devices and lighting fixtures, gateway(s) 220 forbackhaul connection, time sync control, data collection and managementcapabilities, and interoperation with the Acuity Brands Lighting'scommercially available SensorView™ product may also be provided.

The instructions, programming, or application(s) implementing thedisinfection light exposure and dosage limit control protocol describedherein may be software or firmware used to implement any other devicefunctions associated with luminaires 10A-N, disinfection light controldevices 20A-M, network controller (e.g., gateway 220), and cloudcomputing device 266. Program aspects of the technology may be thoughtof as “products” or “articles of manufacture” typically in the form ofexecutable code or process instructions and/or associated data that isstored on or embodied in a type of machine or processor readable medium(e.g., transitory or non-transitory), such as memory 131, 631, 731, 831;a memory of gateway 220 or cloud computing device 266; and/or anothercomputer used to download or otherwise install such programming into thewith luminaires 10A-N, disinfection light control devices 20A-M, networkcontroller (e.g., gateway 220), cloud computing device 266, or atransportable storage device or a communications medium for carryingprogram for installation in the luminaires 10A-N, disinfection lightcontrol devices 20A-M, network controller (e.g., gateway 220), and/orcloud computing device 266.

FIG. 3 depicts tying the control of a disinfection light source 17 ofthe luminaire 10 to the position of an occupant (e.g., human 185) in thephysical space 2. In the example of FIG. 3, the disinfection light 17 isemitted as the human 185 moves away from a respective vicinity 180A-D ofa respective luminaire 10A-D.

A plurality of disinfection light control groups 8A-D can exist in thedisinfection light control network 7 that is comprised of luminaires10A-N and disinfection light control devices 20A-N. In the example ofFIG. 2, the physical space 2 on-premises (e.g., interior to a buildingor exterior) is comprised of four disinfection light control groups 8A-Din a respective vicinity 180A-D each operating independently of oneanother. The vicinities 180A-D are at different respective physicallocations 305A-D throughout the physical space 2. Specifically, vicinity180A is at a first physical location 305A with location coordinates(1,1); vicinity 180B is at physical location 305B with locationcoordinates (2,1); vicinity 180C is at physical location 305C withlocation coordinates (1,2); and vicinity 180D is at physical location305D with location coordinates (2,2). Each disinfection light controlgroup 8A-D operates in a respective vicinity 180A-D of the physicalspace 2 to disinfect a respective surface(s) 188A-D and respective air189A-D of a respective target pathogen 187A-D.

Each disinfection light control group 8A-D can have a group monitor,which can be a respective luminaire 10A-D. For example, as shown in FIG.3, disinfection light control group 8A includes a respective vicinity180A at physical location 305A in which luminaire 10A along with anycombination of occupancy, daylight, or audio sensor 45A; switch 56A;touch screen device 57A; and pathogen sensor 48A are located. Similarly,disinfection light control group 8B includes a respective vicinity 180Bat physical location 305B in which luminaire 110B along with anycombination of occupancy, daylight, or audio sensor 45B; wall switch56B; touch screen device 57B; pathogen sensor 48B; and mobile device 25are located. Disinfection light control group 8C includes a respectivevicinity 180C at physical location 305C in which luminaire 110C alongwith any combination of occupancy, daylight, or audio sensor 45C; wallswitch 56C; touch screen device 57C; pathogen sensor 48C are located.Disinfection light control group 8D includes a respective vicinity 180Dat physical location 305D in which luminaire 110D along with anycombination of occupancy, daylight, or audio sensor 45D; wall switch56D; touch screen device 57D; pathogen sensor 48D are located.

As shown, a human 185A is in vicinity 180A and another human 185D is invicinity 180D. Hence, disinfection light control groups 8A-D arecontrolled, such that only disinfection light source 16B of luminaire10B emits disinfection light 17B and disinfection light source 16C ofluminaire 10C emits disinfection light 17C because only vicinities 180Band 180C are unoccupied by humans.

Controlling the luminaires 10A-N by occupant position allows a physicalspace 2, such as a large room (e.g., store), to have disinfection light17 on in part of the room and not significantly irradiating a differentpart of the physical space 2. A human 185 in the non-irradiated part ofthe large room will not be irradiated and this allows the physicallocations 305B, 305C of the large room to be disinfected at rates wellabove the UV radiation threshold limit 133, e.g., at a super dose level142, but in an accelerated super dose time period.

Accordingly, as shown in FIG. 3, the antimicrobial system 1 includes aplurality of disinfection light control devices 20A-D (e.g., occupancy,daylight, or audio sensors 45A-D). A respective disinfection lightcontrol device 20A-D generates a respective control signal 170A-D tocontrol emission of a respective disinfection light source 16A-N in arespective vicinity 180A-D of the physical space 2. Antimicrobial system1 includes a plurality of luminaires 10A-D. A respective luminaire 10A-Dis coupled to the respective disinfection light control device 20A-D andincludes a respective disinfection light source 16A-D to emit therespective disinfection light 17A-D for disinfection of the respectivevicinity 180A-D of the physical space 2, and a respective driver circuit11A-D. Execution of the exposure and dosage control programming 132 by arespective luminaire processor 130A-D configures the respectiveluminaire 10A-D to perform the following functions. The respectiveluminaire 10A-D receives the respective control signal 170A-D from therespective disinfection light control device 20A-D. In response toreceiving the respective control signal 170A-D, the respective luminaire10A-D controls, via the respective driver circuit 11A-D, the respectivedisinfection light source 16A-D over a respective dose cycle 136A-D toemit the respective disinfection light 17A-D for disinfecting therespective vicinity 180A-D to substantially obtain a respective targetpathogen UV radiation level 139A-D and restrict a respective total UVradiation threshold exposure level 135A-D by a respective UV radiationthreshold limit 133A-D.

FIGS. 4A-D depict a variety of disinfection status indicators 400A-D toconvey a visible cue to a human 185 of a disinfection state 405A-D ofthe vicinity 180. The disinfection status indicators 400A-D can bevisibly presented to the human 185 on a display coupled (e.g., mounted)to the luminaires 10A-N, disinfection light control devices 20A-M (e.g.,wall switches 46A-C, touch screen devices 47A-C, mobile device 25,etc.), gateway 220, or cloud computing device 266 of antimicrobialsystem 1. For example, disinfection status indicator 400D that thevicinity 180 (e.g., room) has obtained the required dose can bedisplayed on the room controller or on a different device, such as asmart phone, tablet, or a computer. The disinfection status indicator400 can be a display that is controlled by the antimicrobial system 1 toindicate the state of the vicinity (e.g., room), such as a sign on thewall or door. This can be accomplished with calculations and timingusing radiation calculation software or with separate UV disinfectionlight 17 measurement equipment either in the vicinity 180 or on theluminaire 10 emitting the disinfection light 17.

As shown in FIG. 4A, the disinfection status indicator 400A indicatesthe disinfection state 400A is that the disinfection light source 16 isin an on state of actively emitting the disinfection light 17 fordisinfecting the vicinity 180 (e.g., room). As shown in FIG. 4B, thedisinfection status indicator 400B indicates the disinfection state 405Bis that the disinfection light source 16 is in an off state of no longeractively emitting the disinfection light 17 for disinfecting thevicinity 180. As shown in FIG. 4C, the disinfection status indicator400C indicates the disinfection state 405C is at a percentage or aportion (e.g. of a 24-hour dose) of the target pathogen UV radiationlevel 139 over the predetermined dose period 134. As shown in FIG. 4D,the disinfection status indicator 400D indicates the disinfection state405D is in a “disinfected state,” such that the vicinity 180 isdisinfected of the target pathogen 187 by reducing the target pathogen187 by a desired amount 140, e.g., a desired log reduction. In theexample of FIG. 4, the “disinfected state” is achieved after the targetpathogen UV radiation level 139 is obtained over the dose cycle 136,e.g., the vicinity 180 has received a full dose of disinfection light17.

Antimicrobial system 1 can include a variety of other visible examplesof the disinfection status indicator 400, for example, an indicator lampcoupled (e.g., mounted) to the luminaire 10 or located inside or outsidethe vicinity 180 of the physical space 2 (e.g., room). Other visibleexamples of the disinfection status indicator 400 include a lumiphorecoupled to the luminaire 10 or located inside or outside the vicinity180 of the physical space 2. The lumiphore includes one or morematerials, such as a phosphor, a nano-phosphor, a phosphorescent, and/ora metamaterial, etc. that converts light from one wavelength to another(e.g., UV disinfection light 17 to visible light) and the lightwavelength conversion is visible to the human 185 as glow (e.g.,fluorescence). Such an example of the a lumiphore type of disinfectionstatus indicator 400 to visibly indicate to the human 185 the presenceand intensity of UV disinfection light 17 are disclosed in U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 16/848,226, filed Apr. 14, 2020, titled “Indicationof Ultraviolet (UV) Light Intensity Using a Lumiphore,” the entirety ofwhich is incorporated by reference herein. Audible examples of thedisinfection status indicator 400 include a speaker coupled to theluminaire 10 or located inside or outside the vicinity 180 of thephysical space 2. The disinfection status indicator 400 can also be atactile indication on a door that the human 185 uses to enter thevicinity 180.

FIG. 5 depicts a user interface device 500 that displays a lifetimelimit state 505 of the disinfection light source 16 of the luminaire 10.Like the disinfection status indicators 400A-D, the lifetime limit state505 is visibly presented to the human 185 on a display of a userinterface device that is coupled to the luminaire 10. For example, anyof the disinfection light control devices 20A-M (e.g., wall switches46A-C, touch screen devices 47A-C, mobile device 25), gateway 220, orcloud computing device 266 of the antimicrobial system 1 can include theuser interface device 500. For example, the lifetime limit state 505 ofthe disinfection light source 16 can be displayed on the user interfacedevice 500, such as the room controller or on a different device, suchas a smart phone, tablet, or a computer. The user interface device 500can be a display controlled by the antimicrobial system 1 to display thestate of the disinfection light source 16, such as a sign on the wall ordoor.

In the example of FIG. 5, the disinfection light source device 20G(e.g., touch screen device 57A) includes the user interface device 500that displays the lifetime limit state 505 indicating that thedisinfection light source 16 is approaching the rated lifetime limit 145and needs replacement. To enable the display of the lifetime limit state505 to the human 185 on the user interface device 500, the luminairememory 131 includes a rated lifetime limit 145 for the disinfectionlight source 16 and a total disinfection light source on time 143 thatspecifies a cumulative on time that the disinfection light 17 is emittedfrom the disinfection light source 16 over a lifetime. Execution of theexposure and dosage control programming 132 by the luminaire processor130 configures the luminaire 10 to perform the following functions.First, the luminaire 10 determines that the total disinfection lightsource on time 143 is approaching the rated lifetime limit 145 of thedisinfection light source 16. Second, in response to determining thatthe total disinfection light source on time 143 is approaching the ratedlifetime limit 145 of the disinfection light source 16, the luminaire 10warns, via the user interface device 500, that the disinfection lightsource 16 needs replacement. The user interface device 500 cancommunicate over the disinfection light control network 7 with thegateway 220, cloud computing device 266, and other devices of theantimicrobial system 1, such as a robot (not shown) to enablereplacement of the disinfection light source 16.

FIG. 6 is a block diagram of a disinfection light control device 20A-Cthat is an occupancy, audio, or daylight sensor 45. The occupancy,audio, or daylight sensor 45 can be a standalone device in theantimicrobial system 1 as shown in FIG. 2 or included (e.g., integrated)in the luminaire 10 as shown in FIG. 1. Occupancy, audio, or daylightsensor 45 includes a micro-control unit (MCU) 629, drive/sense circuitry46, detector(s) 47 (e.g., occupancy, daylight, or audio), and anoptional sensor communication interface system 655. As shown, MCU 629includes sensor processor 630 and sensor memory 631 to implement thedisinfection light exposure and dosage limit control protocol describedherein.

The circuitry, hardware, and software of the occupancy, audio, ordaylight sensor 45 is similar to the luminaire 10 of FIG. 1, includingthe line power source 101, non-line power source 102, power supply 105,power distribution 125, and the sensor communication interface system655. If the occupancy, audio, or daylight sensor 45 is a standalonedevice, then the occupancy, audio, or daylight sensor 45 can include asensor communication interface system 655 like the luminairecommunication interface system 155 of FIG. 1. If the occupancy, audio,or daylight sensor 45 is integrated into the luminaire 10 like thatshown in FIG. 1, then the occupancy, audio, or daylight sensor 45 doesnot include the sensor communication interface system 655.

FIG. 7 is a block diagram of a disinfection light control device 20J-Lthat is a pathogen sensor 48. Pathogen sensor 48 can be a standalonedevice in the antimicrobial system 1 as shown in FIG. 2 or included(e.g., integrated) in the luminaire 10 as shown in FIG. 1. Pathogensensor 48 includes a spectrometer 49, a sense circuit 50, and anoptional sensor communication interface system 655.

The circuitry, hardware, and software of the pathogen sensor 48 issimilar to the luminaire 10 of FIG. 1, including the line power source101, non-line power source 102, power supply 105, power distribution125, and the sensor communication interface system 655. If the pathogensensor 48 is a standalone device, then the pathogen sensor can include asensor communication interface system 655 like the luminairecommunication interface system 155 of FIG. 1. If the pathogen sensor 48is integrated into the luminaire 10 like that shown in FIG. 1, then thepathogen sensor 48 does not include the sensor communication interfacesystem 655.

Sense circuit 50 of the pathogen sensor 48 can be an MCU 629 thatincludes a pathogen sensor processor 730 and a pathogen sensor memory731. Pathogen sensor memory 731 can include spectral reference data 752,such as a spectral power distribution, known to be associated withvarious types of target pathogens 187A-N. Pathogen sensor processor 730compares the spectral reference data 752 stored in the pathogen sensormemory 731 with a spectral power measurement 753 received from thespectrometer 49. The comparison compares the spectral power measurement753 to the spectral reference data 752 to determine the presence of anytype of target pathogen 187. The pathogen sensor 48 transmits thedetection of the target pathogen 187 as the second control (e.g.,sensing) signal 170B to the luminaire 10.

Pathogen sensor 48 may also determine a specific target pathogenidentifier 754 of the target pathogen 187. To determine a specifictarget pathogen identifier 754, if there is a match to a specificspectral reference data 752A of a plurality of spectral reference data752A-N, where each respective spectral reference data 752A-N is known tocorrespond to a specific respective target pathogen 187A-N, then thepathogen sensor processor 730 determines a respective target pathogenidentifier 754A-N. The pathogen sensor 48 transmits the determinedtarget pathogen identifier 754 as the second control (e.g., sensing)signal 170B to the luminaire 10. The luminaire processor 130 can adjustthe target pathogen UV radiation level 139, the desired amount 140(e.g., desired log reduction), or other parameters of the dose cycle 136based on the target pathogen identifier 754. For example, assume a firsttarget pathogen 187A associated with a first determined target pathogenidentifier 754A has a first target pathogen UV radiation level 139A ofapproximately 10-15 mJ/cm² and a second pathogen 187B associated with asecond determined target pathogen identifier 754B has a second targetpathogen UV radiation level 139B of approximately 20-25 mJ/cm². In thisexample, the adjusted target pathogen UV radiation level 139 is set to amaximum of the first target pathogen UV radiation level 139A of thesecond target pathogen UV radiation level 139B, that is, the firsttarget pathogen UV radiation level 139A of 20-25 mJ/cm² and the dosecycle 136 can be adjusted.

Light irradiation calculation programming (not shown) can estimatedosing levels for the disinfection light 17 in one or more vicinities180A-D of the physical space 2 to determine (e.g., precalculate) thetarget pathogen UV radiation levels 139A-B for the target pathogenidentifiers 754A-B stored in the luminaire memory 131 of the luminaire10. The light irradiation calculation program calculates lighting levels(e.g., intensity and/or uniformity) of the disinfection light 17 invicinities 180A-D of the physical space 2 (e.g., including surface(s)188 and air 189). Based on the calculated lighting levels of thedisinfection light 17, the exposure and dosage control programming 132adjusts the target pathogen UV radiation levels 139A-B for the targetpathogen identifiers 754A-B stored in the memory 131. The lightirradiation calculation program can be implemented in various devices ofthe antimicrobial system 1, including the luminaire 10, mobile device25, gateway 220, and/or cloud computing device 266.

Alternatively or additionally this logic of the sense circuit 50 of thepathogen sensor 48 can be implemented within the luminaire 10. Hence,luminaire memory 131 can include the spectral reference data 752 and theluminaire processor 130 compares the spectral reference data 752 storedin the memory 131 with the spectral power measurements 753 received asthe second control (e.g., sensing) signal 170B from the sense circuit50. If there is a match, the luminaire processor 130 determines targetpathogen identifier 754. Based on the target pathogen identifier 754,the luminaire processor 130 can adjust the target pathogen UV radiationlevel 139, the desired amount 140 (e.g., desired log reduction), orother parameters of the dose cycle 136.

FIG. 8A is a block diagram of disinfection light control devices (LCDs)20D-F that are a wall switch 56. FIG. 8B is a block diagram ofdisinfection LCDs 20G-I that are a touch screen device 57. Thecircuitry, hardware, and software of the wall switch 56 and the touchscreen device 57 shown are similar to the luminaire 10 of FIG. 1,including the disinfection LCD communication interface system 855. Asshown, both the wall switch 56 and the touch screen device include anMCU 629 that includes a disinfection LCD memory 830 and disinfectionlight control device processor 831 to implement the disinfection lightexposure and dosage limit control protocol described herein.

As shown in FIG. 8A, the drive/sense circuitry 46 of the wall switch 56responds to switches 861. Switches 861 can be an on/off switch, dimmerswitch, etc. to control the disinfection light source 17 of theluminaire 10 based on Acuity Brands Lighting's commercially availablexPoint® Wireless ES7 product. In some examples, wall switch 56 includesa single shared button switch 861 for on/off, dimming, or otherfunctions and a pilot light source indicator (not shown) of wall switch56. A button station can include various button settings that can havethe settings for the disinfection light 17 emitted from the luminaire 10adjusted, for example, four buttons can be arranged with twolongitudinal buttons (north-south) and two lateral buttons (east-west).

In FIG. 8B, the touch screen device 57 enables setting adjustments forthe disinfection light source 17 emitted from the luminaire 10 to beinputted via a user interface application (not shown) throughmanipulation or gestures on a touch screen display 811. For outputpurposes, the touch screen display 811 includes a display screen, suchas a liquid crystal display (LCD) or light emitting diode (LED) screenor the like. For input purposes, the touch screen display 811 includes aplurality of touch sensors.

A keypad may be implemented in hardware as a physical keyboard of touchscreen device 57, and keys may correspond to hardware keys of such akeyboard. Alternatively, some or all of the keys (and keyboard) oftouchscreen device 57 may be implemented as “soft keys” of a virtualkeyboard graphically represented in an appropriate arrangement via touchscreen display 811. The soft keys presented on the touch screen display811 may allow the user of touchscreen device 57 to invoke the same userinterface functions as with the physical hardware keys.

Drive/sense circuitry 46 is coupled to touch sensors of touch screendisplay 811 for detecting the occurrence and relative location/positionof each touch with respect to a content display area of touch screendisplay 811. In this example, drive/sense circuitry 46 is configured toprovide disinfection LCD processor 830 with touch-position informationbased on user input received via touch sensors. In some implementations,disinfection LCD processor 830 is configured to correlate the touchposition information to specific content being displayed within thecontent display area on touch screen display 811. The touch-positioninformation captured by the drive/sense circuitry 46 and provided todisinfection LCD processor 830 may include, but is not limited to,coordinates identifying the location of each detected touch with respectto the display area of touch screen display 811 and a timestampcorresponding to each detected touch position.

In general, touch screen display 811 and its touch sensors (and one ormore keys, if included) are used to provide a textual and graphical userinterface for the touch screen device 57. In an example, touch screendisplay 811 provides viewable content to the user at disinfection lightcontrol devices 20G-I. Touch screen device 57 also enables the user tointeract directly with the viewable content provided in the contentdisplay area, typically by touching the surface of the screen with afinger or an implement such as a stylus.

FIGS. 9A-B are block diagrams of a disinfection lighting device (e.g.,luminaire 10) like that of FIG. 1 that implements a disinfection lightexposure and dosage limit control protocol further based on a mountingheight 910 of the luminaire 10. The mounting height 910 takes intoaccount the distance from the luminaire 100 to the physical space 2 thatis being treated with disinfection light 17. A height controller 905,such as a range finding sensor 1000 (see FIG. 10) automatically detectswhen the luminaire 10 is installed and uses distance to an object, suchas a floor, surface 188, etc. to adjust an amount of disinfection light17 energy coming out of the disinfection light source 16 to optimizeperformance and to optionally extend lamp life. If the disinfectionlight source 16 is operated at a lower level of disinfection light 17energy, the disinfection light source 16 will last longer. The heightcontroller 905 can be an active range finding sensor 1000 (see FIG. 10),such as a radar sensor, infrared sensor, etc. To reduce costs, theantimicrobial system 1 either through software or a manual dip switch1100 (see FIG. 11), can specify that the luminaire 10 has been installedat a particular mount height 910, such as 9-10 feet.

As shown, the luminaire memory 131 accessible to the luminaire processor130 includes a control signal 170 to control emission of thedisinfection light 17 in the UV band for disinfecting the vicinity 180of the physical space 2 of the target pathogen 187. The mounting height910 corresponds to a distance of the disinfection light source 16 fromobject(s) to disinfect, such as selected surface 188 or selected air 189in the vicinity 180 of the physical space 2 of the target pathogen 187that is exposed to the disinfection light 17.

Control of the disinfection light source 16 can be tied to the heightcontroller 905. The height controller 905 can be a standalone deviceseparate from the luminaire 10 in the antimicrobial system 1 that iscoupled to the luminaire 10 as shown in FIGS. 2-3 and 13. Alternatively,the height controller 905 can be included (e.g., integrated) with theluminaire 10 as shown in FIGS. 9A-B. As shown, the luminaire 10 includesthe height controller 905 to generate the control signal 170 based on atleast the mounting height 910 of the luminaire 10, which is shown as amounting height sensing signal 170N.

Luminaire memory 131 further includes a UV radiation threshold limit 133for safe exposure of a human 185 to the UV band over a predetermineddose period 134 in response to the control signal 170 based on at leastthe mounting height 910 of the luminaire 10. Luminaire memory 131further includes a total UV radiation threshold exposure level 135 overa dose cycle 136 of the vicinity 180. The dose cycle 136 corresponds tothe predetermined dose period 134 or is a fraction thereof. Luminairememory 131 further includes a target pathogen UV radiation level 139that is sufficient to deactivate the target pathogen 187 in the vicinity180 over the predetermined dose period 134 based on at least themounting height 910 of the luminaire 10.

Luminaire memory 131 further includes exposure and dosage controlprogramming 132 to implement the disinfection light exposure and dosagelimit control protocol with the height controller 905 described herein.Execution of the exposure and dosage control programming 132 by theluminaire processor 130 configures the luminaire 10 to perform thefollowing functions. First, the luminaire 10 receives the control signal170 based on at least the mounting height 910 of the luminaire 10.Second, in response to receiving the control signal 170, the luminaire10 adjusts the UV radiation threshold limit 133 based on the controlsignal 170. Third, the luminaire 10 controls, via the driver circuit 11,the disinfection light source 16 over the dose cycle 136 to emit thedisinfection light 17 continuously or during the plurality of periods137A-N for disinfecting the vicinity 180 to substantially obtain thetarget pathogen UV radiation level 139 and restrict the total UVradiation threshold exposure level 135 by the adjusted UV radiationthreshold limit 133 based on the control signal 170.

FIG. 10 is a block diagram of a height controller 905A that is a rangefinding sensor 1000. The range finding sensor 1000 can include acamera-based sensor, an infrared sensor, a radar sensor, a LIDAR sensor,an ultrasonic sensor, other time-of-flight (ToF) sensor, or acombination thereof. In the example of FIG. 10, the range finding sensor1000 is shown as a standalone device that is a ToF sensor in theantimicrobial system 1 as shown in FIGS. 2-3 and 13.

Intensity control of the disinfection light source 16 is of paramountimportance. Too little intensity may result in the target pathogen 187not being inactivated. Too much intensity may lead to the luminaire 10exceeding established regulatory guidelines for safety of a human 185.Using too much intensity of the disinfection light 17 can alsonegatively affect the lifetime of the disinfection light source 16. Toaddress these issues, the luminaire 10 can include mechanisms forinputting mounting height 910 of the luminaire 10. Using mounting height910, source parameters, and/or field-of-view information, an appropriatedosing intensity and timing can be determined using algorithms orthrough a lookup table 920 stored in the luminaire control circuit 12.

Mounting height 910 can be determined automatically using the rangefinding sensor 1000 (e.g., camera-based, IR, radar, LIDAR, ultrasonic,structured light, parallax, etc.) whereby, after installation and duringcommissioning or normal operation of the luminaire 10, mounting height910 is determined and stored for use by the algorithms of the luminaire10, such as exposure and dosage control programming 132 and rangefinding sensor programming 915. In addition, mounting height 910 can bemanually determined (e.g., rules, tape measures, etc.) and entered intothe luminaire control circuit 12 through dip switches 1100 or jumperpins or via software of a wall switch 56 or touch screen device 57.

An active type of range finding sensor 1000 in combination with theexposure and dosage control programming 132 and range finding sensorprogramming 915 can further increase safety and/or to enable fasterdeactivation of the target pathogen 187 via disinfection light 17 bydetecting the stature of the human 911. In an of looking for excessivelytall individuals, the range finding sensor 1000 may be programmed basedon a baseline stature of the human 911, such as a human 185 that is a95^(th) percentile male in the Unites States, which is 6′2″ (six feetand two inches). However, if a taller human 185 enters directly underthe disinfection light source 16, the average dosing of the disinfectionlight source 16 can be adjusted to a safe level for the time theexcessively tall human 185 is directly under the disinfection lightsource 16. This approach can also be used to safely increase the dose ofthe disinfection light source 16 when a human 185 that is 50^(th)percentile is sufficiently away from the luminaire 10.

For example, a burst in sent out from a transmitter 1010 (e.g., emittertransducer) of the active range finding sensor 1000 while a timer isstarted in the range finding sensor circuit 1005. An echo is received bythe receiver 1015 (e.g., listener transducer). A shorter echo timeequals a shorter distance. A longer echo time equals a longer distance.Once the echo time is determined, a lookup table can be used todetermine the mounting height 910 (e.g., distance). This method can bedynamic, for example, if a human 185 walks into the path of the rangefinding sensor 1000, the UV radiation threshold limit 133 can beadjusted to output less disinfection light 17.

Range finding sensor 1000 includes a range finding sensor circuit 1005that includes a range finding sensor processor 1006 and a range findingsensor memory 1007 accessible to the range finding sensor processor1006. The range finding sensor 1000 further includes range findingsensor programming 915 in the range finding sensor memory 1007.Execution of the range finding sensor programming 915 by the rangefinding sensor processor 1006 configures the range finding sensor 1000to perform the following functions. First, the range finding sensor 1000detects, after installation of the luminaire 10 or during commissioningor normal operation of the luminaire 10, a mounting height sensingsignal 170N that indicates the mounting height 910 of the luminaire 10.Second, the range finding sensor 1000 generates the control signal 170to control emission of the disinfection light 17 in the UV band fordisinfecting the vicinity 180 of the physical space 2 of the targetpathogen 187, based on at least the detected mounting height sensingsignal 170N that indicates the mounting height 910 of the luminaire 10.

Alternatively, the range finding sensor 1000 can be integrated in theluminaire 10 as shown in FIG. 9B where the luminaire 10 further includesrange finding sensor programming 915 in the luminaire memory 131. Hence,execution of the range finding sensor programming 915 by the luminaireprocessor 130 configures the luminaire 10 to perform the followingfunctions. First, the luminaire 10 detects, after installation of theluminaire 10 or during commissioning of the luminaire 10 or duringnormal operation of the luminaire 10, a mounting height sensing signal170N that indicates the mounting height 910 of the luminaire 10. Second,the luminaire 10 generates the control signal 170 to control emission ofthe disinfection light 17 in the UV band for disinfecting the vicinity180 of the physical space 2 of the target pathogen 187, based on atleast the detected mounting height sensing signal 170N that indicatesthe mounting height 910 of the luminaire 10.

The exposure and dosage control programming 132 function to in responseto receiving the control signal 170, adjust the UV radiation thresholdlimit 133 based on the control signal 170 includes to: adjust the UVradiation threshold limit 133 for safe exposure of the human 185 to theUV band over the predetermined dose period 134 based on at least themounting height sensing signal 170N that indicates the mounting height910 of the luminaire 10.

The luminaire memory 131 further includes a mounting height lookup table920 of a plurality of UV radiation threshold limits 133A-N and aplurality of mounting heights 910A-N. A respective UV radiationthreshold limit 133A-N is associated with a respective mounting height910A-N. The function to adjust the UV radiation threshold limit 133 forsafe exposure of the human 185 to the UV band over the predetermineddose period 134 based on at least the mounting height sensing signal170N that indicates the mounting height 910 of the luminaire 10 is basedon the mounting height lookup table 920.

Control of the disinfection light source 16 can be tied to the heightcontroller 905 via a control signal 170 based on a stature of the human185 present in the vicinity 180 while the disinfection light 17 isemitted from the disinfection light source 16, which is shown as a humanheight sensing signal 170O. Execution of the range finding sensorprogramming 915 by the range finding sensor processor 1006 configuresthe range finding sensor 1000 to perform the following functions. First,the range finding sensor 1000, detects, after installation of theluminaire 10 or during commissioning of the luminaire 10, or duringnormal operation of the luminaire 10, a human height sensing signal 170Othat indicates a stature of the human 911 present in the vicinity 180.Second, the range finding sensor 1000 generates the control signal 170to control emission of the disinfection light 17 in the UV band fordisinfecting the vicinity 180 of the physical space 2 of the targetpathogen 187, further based on at least the detected human heightsensing signal 170O that indicates the stature of the human 911.

Alternatively, the range finding sensor 1000 can be integrated in theluminaire 10 as shown in FIG. 9B where the luminaire 10 further includesrange finding sensor programming 915 in the luminaire memory 131. Hence,execution of the range finding sensor programming 915 by the luminaireprocessor 130 further configures the luminaire 10 to perform thefollowing functions. First, the luminaire 10, detects, afterinstallation of the luminaire 10 or during commissioning of theluminaire 10, or during normal operation of the luminaire 10, a humanheight sensing signal 170O that indicates a stature of the human 911present in the vicinity 180. Second, the luminaire 10 generates thecontrol signal 170 to control emission of the disinfection light 17 inthe UV band for disinfecting the vicinity 180 of the physical space 2 ofthe target pathogen 187, further based on at least the detected humanheight sensing signal 170O that indicates the stature of the human 911.

The exposure and dosage control programming 132 function to in responseto receiving the control signal 170, adjust the UV radiation thresholdlimit 133 based on the control signal 170 further includes to: adjustthe UV radiation threshold limit 133 for safe exposure of the human 185to the UV band over the predetermined dose period 134 further based onof the human height sensing signal 170O that indicates the stature ofthe human 911.

FIG. 11 is a block diagram of a height controller 905B that is a dipswitch to manually input a mounting height switch signal 170N. As shown,the height controller 905B is coupled to the luminaire control circuit12 of the luminaire 10 and includes a dip switch 1100 or a jumper pin tomanually input the mounting height 910B for generation of the controlsignal 170 based on at least the mounting height switch signal 170N.Height controller 905 can include dip switches, a potentiometer, orjumpers. The jumpers are set by an installer after the luminaire 10 isinstalled or during commissioning or normal operation of the luminaire10. The jumper can be many different lengths. If four switches are used,then up to 16 different levels of mounting heights 910 can be set. Forsimplicity, only four options are shown in FIG. 11.

FIG. 12 is another block diagram of a height controller 905B that is adip switch and a real time clock 1205 to provide a time of day signal170D. As shown, the real time clock 1205 and the height controller 905Bare coupled to the luminaire control circuit 12 of the luminaire 10. Inthe example of FIG. 12, the control signal 170 includes a time of day170D for disinfection of the vicinity 180 and the mounting height switchsignal 170N.

Although a real time clock 1205 is shown separately, the luminairecontrol circuit 12 can include the real time clock 1205. Sensors incombination with the real time clock 1205 can be used to set the doselevels based on mounting height 910 and time of day 170D. Duringnighttime, a higher dose of disinfection light 17 could be used to do adeep disinfection. During daylight hours, a lower dose level ofdisinfection light 17 based on the time of day signal 170D and settingsof wall switch 56, touch screen device 57, dip switch 1100, or rangefinding sensor 1000 can be used.

FIG. 13 is a high-level functional block diagram of an example of anantimicrobial system 1 like that of FIGS. 2-3, which includes thirteenluminaires 10A-N of FIGS. 9A-B and three disinfection light controldevices 20M-O configured as height controllers 905A-C. The heightcontrollers 905A-C are implemented as standalone devices separate fromthe luminaire 10A-N in the antimicrobial system 1. Height controller905A can be implemented like the range finding sensor 1000 shown in FIG.10. Height controller 905B can be implemented like the dip switch 1100shown in FIG. 11. Height controller 905C can be implemented as a depthsensing device 25, 1700 such as the mobile devices 25A-B (see FIGS.14A-15B) or a headset 1700 (see FIG. 17).

As shown, the antimicrobial system 1 includes a height controller 905 togenerate a control signal 170 to control emission of a disinfectionlight 17 in an ultraviolet (UV) band for disinfecting a vicinity 180 ofa physical space 2 of a target pathogen 187. The control signal 170 isbased on at least a mounting height 910 of a luminaire 10. Luminairememory 131 further includes a UV radiation threshold limit 133 for safeexposure of a human 185 to the UV band over a predetermined dose period134 based on at least the mounting height 910 of the luminaire 10.Luminaire memory 131 further includes a total UV radiation thresholdexposure level 135 over a dose cycle 136 of the vicinity 180. The dosecycle 136 corresponds to the predetermined dose period 134 or is afraction thereof. Luminaire memory 131 further includes a targetpathogen UV radiation level 139 that is sufficient to reduce the targetpathogen 187 in the vicinity 180 over the predetermined dose period 134based on at least the mounting height 910 of the luminaire 10.

Luminaire memory 131 further includes exposure and dosage controlprogramming 132 to implement the disinfection light exposure and dosagelimit control protocol with the height controller 905 described herein.Execution of the exposure and dosage control programming 132 by theluminaire processor 130 configures the luminaire 10 to perform thefollowing functions. First, the luminaire 10 receives the control signal170 based on at least the mounting height 910 of the luminaire 10.Second, in response to receiving the control signal 170, the luminaire10 adjusts the UV radiation threshold limit 133 based on the controlsignal 170. Third, the luminaire 10 controls, via the driver circuit 11,the disinfection light source 16 over the dose cycle 136 to emit thedisinfection light 17 continuously or during the plurality of periods137A-N for disinfecting the vicinity 180 to substantially obtain thetarget pathogen UV radiation level 139 and restrict the total UVradiation threshold exposure level 135 by the adjusted UV radiationthreshold limit 133 based on the control signal 170.

In a first example, the height controller 905 can be a disinfectionlight control device 20D-I. The disinfection light control devices 20D-Fare wall switches 56A-C and the disinfection light control devices 20G-Iare touch screen devices 57A-C. As shown in FIGS. 8A-B, the disinfectionlight control devices 20D-I include a disinfection light control deviceprocessor 830 and a disinfection light control device memory 831accessible to the disinfection light control device processor 830.Disinfection light control devices 20D-I include disinfection lightcontrol device programming 832 in the disinfection light control devicememory 831. Execution of the disinfection light control deviceprogramming 832 by the disinfection light control device processor 830configures the disinfection light control device 20D-I to perform thefollowing functions. First, the disinfection light control device 20D-Iinputs, after installation of the luminaire 10 or during commissioningor normal operation of the luminaire 10, the mounting height 910 of theluminaire 10. Second, the disinfection light control device 20D-Igenerates the control signal 170N to control emission of thedisinfection light 17 in the UV band for disinfecting the vicinity 180of the physical space 2 of the target pathogen 187, based on at leastthe inputted mounting height 910 of the luminaire 10.

In a second example, the exposure and dosage control programming 132function to in response to receiving the control signal 170, adjust theUV radiation threshold limit 133 based on the control signal 170 isfurther based on: (i) a first sensing signal 170A from a detector 47indicating that the human 185 is not present in the vicinity 180, (ii) asecond sensing signal 170B from a pathogen sensor 48 indicating that thetarget pathogen 187 is present in the vicinity 180; (iii) a mountingheight switch signal 170N responsive to a wall switch 56, a touch screendevice 58, or other disinfection light control device 20N-O; (iv) a timeof day 170D for disinfection of the vicinity 180; or (v) or acombination thereof.

FIGS. 14A-B illustrate an example configuration of a height controller905C that is a single-sided depth sensing device 25A, which includes adepth sensor 1400 on one side, in simplified block diagram form. Asshown in FIG. 14A, the disinfection LCD 20M (e.g., mobile device 25) isa single-sided depth sensing device 25A that includes a front facingcamera 1405, a touch screen 1420, and a hardware button 1430 located ona front side. As further shown in FIG. 14B, the single-sided depthsensing device 25 further includes a depth sensor 1400, a rear facingcamera 1403, and a motion detection camera 1404 located on a rear sideof the depth sensing device 25A. In some examples, the depth sensor 1400may be located on the front side of the depth sensing device 25 insteadof the rear side of the device, or other sides of the device.

The depth sensing device 25 may be implemented by enhancing a mobiledevice (e.g. a smartphone or tablet) by the addition of the depth sensor1400. For such an implementation of depth sensing device 25, the depthsensor 1400 may be integrated into a modified mobile device or added toa mobile device as an accessory (e.g. as part of a cover or case for themobile device with suitable connections via a data port of the mobiledevice).

To determine mounting height 910, the depth sensor 1400 in the exampleincludes an infrared projector 1401 to project a pattern of infraredlight and an infrared camera 1402 to capture images of distortions ofthe projected infrared light by objects for disinfection in a physicalspace 2 within range of a luminaire 10. The infrared projector 1401, forexample, may blast infrared light which falls on objects within thephysical space 2 like a sea of dots. In some examples, the infraredlight is projected as a line pattern, a spiral, or a pattern ofconcentric rings or the like. Infrared light is typically not visible tothe human eye. The infrared camera 1402 is similar to a standard red,green, and blue (RGB) camera but receives and captures images of lightin the infrared wavelength range. For depth sensing to detect mountingheight 910 of the luminaire 10 with respect to the objects to disinfectin the physical space 2, the infrared camera 1402 is coupled to an imageprocessor that judges time of flight (ToF) based on the captured imageof the infrared light. For example, the distorted dot pattern in thecaptured image can then be processed by an image processor to determinedepth from the displacement of dots. Typically, nearby objects have apattern with dots spread further apart and far away objects have adenser dot pattern. Examples of infrared light patterns projected by theinfrared projector 1401 and infrared light captured by the infraredcamera 1402 are shown in FIGS. 20A-B. Alternatively or additionally, thedepth sensor 140 may include an emitter, such as a projector, thatprojects a pattern of ultraviolet, visible light (e.g., using differentcolors), or other light wavelengths and the depth sensor 1400 furtherincludes a detector, such as a camera, that receives and captures imagesof light in the ultraviolet, visible light (e.g., using differentcolors), or other wavelengths for detecting depth of objects using acoupled processor to determine time of flight based on the capturedimage of the light, for example. Alternatively or additionally, thedepth sensor 1400 may include an emitter that emits electromagneticwaves, such as radio waves (radio directing and ranging—RADAR), and thedepth sensor 1400 further includes a detector that receives and capturesthe electromagnetic waves, such as the radio waves, for detecting depthof objects using a coupled processor to determine time of flight basedon the captured electromagnetic waves (e.g., radio waves), for example.Alternatively or additionally, the depth sensor 1400 may include anemitter that emits pulsed laser light (LIDAR) and the depth sensor 1400further includes a detector that receives and captures the laser lightfor detecting depth of objects using a coupled processor to determinetime of flight based on the captured laser light, for example.

In other examples, currently available devices, such as the MicrosoftKinect®, Microsoft Hololens®, and Google Tango® can be used which havealternative sensing modules to measure depth that include infrared andadditional black and white cameras to handle depth sensing. The GoogleTango® smart device is similar to the single-sided depth sensing device25A of FIGS. 14A-B and has a standard camera and a depth sensor 1400 onthe back as shown in FIGS. 14A-B.

In another example to determine mounting height 910, devices like theApple iPhone® 7 can be used to measure depth which includes a dualcamera setup to achieve similar results, without using a depth sensor1400. The Apple iPhone® 7 measures depth by changing focus and uses avarying level of focal lengths between dual cameras. When an objectcomes into focus as the focal lengths are run through, the distance ofthe object can be calculated based on the focal length that enabled theobject to come into focus.

The depth sensing device 25 allows a user, such as a luminaire 10installer, to compute a near exact distance of the luminaire 10 awayfrom objects to disinfect in the physical space 2, such as a selectedsurface 188, or selected air 189. Hence, execution of the disinfectionapplication 223 installed on the depth sensing device 25 configures thedepth sensing device 25 to determine the mounting height 910 thatcorresponds to a distance of the disinfection light source 16 from theselected surface 188 or selected air 189 in the vicinity 180 of thephysical space 2 of the target pathogen 187 that is exposed to thedisinfection light 17. The depth sensor 1400 provides a view in a thirddimension to the depth sensing device 25. Executable softwareimplemented on the depth sensing device 25, such as disinfectionapplication 223, allows objects in a physical space 2 to be scanned fortheir depth based on the infrared images captured by the depth sensor1400 and image recognition and object detection software enables thescanned objects to be identified. Mounting height 910A-N of luminaires10A-N within the physical space 2 to targeted areas or objects todisinfect, such as the selected surface 188, or selected air 189 canthen be determined, for example, based on the actual measured distanceto targeted areas or objects to disinfect, such as the selected surface188, or selected air 189.

The depth sensing device 25 may receive a luminaire identifier via awireless communication interface from the luminaire 10A-N. The frontfacing camera 1405 may be used to uniquely identify luminaires 10A-N. Inone example, the front facing camera 1410 receives a luminaireidentifier 1750, such as a visual light communication (VLC) rollingcode, from luminaire 10A-N. Alternatively, the front facing camera 1405may receive a luminaire identifier 1750, such as a quick response (QR)code, from the luminaire 10A-N. The QR code can be a static code that ispainted on the luminaire 10A-N that reflects a wavelength of light beingemitted by the infrared projector 1401 and the infrared camera 1402 seeshigh reflectivity off of the static QR code. For example, phosphor canreflect infrared, ultraviolet, or standard light to match the depthsensing features. In the example, the phosphor fluoresces in theinfrared space and is picked up by the infrared camera 1402.Alternatively, if the paint is non-reflective within the infrared space,the absence of such reflectively can also be used to uniquely identifythe luminaire 10A-N.

In a first configuration, the infrared projector 1401 of the depthsensor 1400 on the rear side of the single-sided depth sensing device25A is pointed at the object to disinfect, such as the selected surface188, in the ground level of the physical space 2. Infrared light isprojected onto the selected surface 188 by the infrared projector 1401,and the infrared camera 1402 captures and records images of the rearfield of view with the distortions of the patterns of projected infraredlight on the selected surface 188. At the same time, the front facingcamera 1410, such as an RGB camera, on the front side of the depthsensing device 25A captures images of a front field of view withmodulated visible light encoding visible light communication (VLC)identifier to identify the luminaire 10 that is proximate the selectedsurface 188 seen in the rear field of view.

After capturing images of the distortions of the pattern of projectedinfrared light on the selected surface 188 in the rear field of viewwith the infrared camera 1402 and identifying the luminaire 10 proximatethe selected surface 188 in the front field of view with the frontfacing camera 1405, the single-sided depth sensing device 25A may berotated. This is because the depth sensor 1400 is only located on asingle side (rear side) of the single-sided depth sensing device 25A andthe captured images in the rear field of view of the selected surface188 is only sufficient to determine the depth of the selected surface188, in the rear field of view. Hence, depth measurements are stillneeded for the luminaire 10 identified and seen in the images capturedof the front field of view by the front facing camera 1405. After depthmeasurements are taken from the depth sensing device 25A to the selectedsurface 188 and the luminaire 10, the two depth measurements are addedtogether to determine the mounting height 910. Alternatively, thesingle-sided depth sensing device 25A may be positioned at anappropriate angle to have a luminaire 10 and the selected surface 188 inthe same field of view of the depth sensor 1400 on the rear side of thedepth sensing device 25A.

FIGS. 15A-B illustrate an example of a hardware configuration of anotherheight controller 905C that is a depth sensing device 25, which includesa depth sensor 1400A-B on two sides, in simplified block diagram form.As shown in FIG. 15A, the disinfection LCD 20M (e.g., mobile device 25)is a dual-sided depth sensing device 25B in the example that includes afront facing camera 1405, a touch screen 1420, and a hardware button1430 located on a front side of the device 25. The front side of thedual-sided depth sensing device 25B also includes a front facing depthsensor 1400A. As further shown in FIG. 15B, the dual-sided depth sensingdevice 100 further includes a rear facing depth sensor 1400B, a rearfacing camera 1403, and a motion detection camera 1404 located on a rearside of the device 25B. Each of the depth sensors 1400A-B has arespective infrared projector 1401A-B and an infrared camera 1402A-B.Although described as front facing and rear facing, it should beunderstood that the orientation of the depth sensors 1400A-B can beoriented on any sides of the depth sensing device 25 (whether opposingor not), such that different fields of views can be captured.

In an example, the infrared cameras 1401A-B project structured light,such as a pattern of infrared light simultaneously in two differentfields of view, for example, a front field of view and a rear field ofview. All of the techniques described herein for range finding with aheight controller 905 can be applied to a height controller 905 that isintegrated with the luminaire 10 (e.g., internal to the luminaire 10),such as the range finding sensor 1000. Alternatively or additionally,all of the techniques described herein for range finding with a heightcontroller 905 can be applied to a height controller 905 that is aseparate component from the luminaire 10 in the antimicrobial system 1(e.g., external to), such as depth sensing devices 25A-B, 1700. Theinfrared camera 1402B of the rear depth sensor 1400B captures imagescontaining distortions of the projected infrared light by targetedobject for disinfection on the ground level, such as a selected surface188 and, at the same time, the infrared camera 1402A of the front depthsensor 1400B captures images containing distortions of the projectedinfrared light by the luminaire 10. The luminaire 10 can be identifiedsimultaneously with the infrared light being projected by the infraredprojectors 1401A-B and captured by the infrared cameras 1402A-B. Bycombining the simultaneously captured images, exact luminaire distancesto the targeted object for disinfection can be calculated by an imageprocessor. For example, the selected surface 188 is viewed in rear fieldof view by the rear infrared camera 1402B at the same time as theluminaire 10 that emits a VLC identifier is viewed in the front field ofview by the front infrared camera 1402B. The mounting height 910 of theluminaire 10 can be determined by adding the distance of the dual-sideddepth sensing device 25B to the selected surface 188 and the distancethe dual-sided depth sensing device 25B to the luminaire 10.

In both the single-sided depth sensing device 25A of FIGS. 14A-B anddual-sided depth sensing device 25B of FIGS. 15A-B, the mounting height910 can be determined using techniques, such as trilateration and/ortriangulation of the luminaire 10 relative to at least three otherscanned objects. The three other scanned objects can include theselected surface 188, and measured distances from the depth sensingdevice 25 to the at last three other scanned objects that are known.Hence, the mounting height 910 can be determined by triangulation withthe at least three other scanned objects, for example, by forming atriangle with only one missing side. The angles are known from thescanned object orientations, luminaire 10 orientation, and depth sensingdevice 25 orientation. The orientation of the depth sensing device 25can be determined using various axis of rotation sensors 1640 of thedepth sensing device 25 (see FIG. 16), such as an accelerometer, theangle orientation (e.g., vertical, horizontal, or tilted) of the depthsensing device 25 relative to the ground can be determined.

The dual-sided depth sensing device 25B of the second configuration maybe more accurate than the single-sided depth sensing device 25A of thefirst configuration because having dual depth sensors 1400A-B on bothsides removes some of the estimations needed for the first configurationto work. For example, the distance can be computed directly betweenmultiple scanned objects simultaneously using front depth sensor 1400Aand rear depth sensor 1400B. In one example, where a luminaire 10 in aceiling is in a first field of view of the front depth sensor 1400A andan object to disinfect, such as the selected surface 188, is in a secondfield of view of the rear depth sensor 1400B, the exact distance betweenthe luminaire and the object to disinfect can be computed. In anotherexample, if the 2×4 feet ceiling tile where the luminaire 10 is locatedis 10 feet high from the ground, the height from the dual-sided depthsensing device 25B to the luminaire 10 in a first field of view can bedetected to be 5 feet and the height of the dual-sided depth sensingdevice 25B to the selected surface 188 in a second field of view can bedetected to be another 5 feet.

The first configuration of the single-sided depth sensing device 25A mayhave some errors (e.g., several inches) as a result of the forcedrotation of the depth sensor from the ground level up to the luminairelevel resulting from operator error. Also, the computed distances fromthe single-sided depth sensing device 25A and dual-sided depth sensingdevice 25B may also have errors because they can be based on estimatesabout the height of the operator that carries the depth sensing devices25A-B as a handheld mobile device.

To alleviate certain errors and provide improved accuracy, both thesingle-sided depth sensing device 25A and the dual-sided depth sensingdevice 25B can be worn by an installer (e.g., as a headset 1700), orcoupled (e.g., mounted on or attached) and carried by autonomousvehicle, such as a robot. A person wearing a headset 1700 (see FIG. 17)can be in a position guaranteed to be stationary at least with respectto the height which the depth sensing devices 25A-B are being carried,which typically cannot be said of a handheld depth sensing device (e.g.,mobile phone, tablet computer, or laptop computer). The headset 1700 maybe rotated around with a full degree of rotation for a semi-sphere(e.g., 180°) in a first field of view for 100% accuracy. The other halfof the sphere (e.g., remaining 180°) is not guaranteed to have accuracyand thus may have errors resulting from the operator rotating their bodyto see the second field of view. On the other hand, an autonomousvehicle, such as a robot, may provide both a full 360° rotation that iserror free and an accurate fixed height for the depth sensing device25A-B.

FIG. 16 shows an example of a hardware configuration for thedisinfection LCD device 20M (e.g., height controller 905C), specificallythe depth sensing device 25A-B of FIGS. 14A-B and 15A-B, in simplifiedblock diagram form. As shown, the depth sensing device 25A-B includes arear depth sensor 1400B, an optional front depth sensor 1400A, a frontfacing camera 1405, a rear facing camera 1403, and an optional motiondetection camera 1404, which are coupled to an image processor 1630 toprocess captured images. Alternatively, the depth sensors 1400A-B; andcameras 1403-1405 may be coupled to the main range finding processor1006 to process captured images. The depth sensing device 25 furtherincludes various axis of rotation sensors 1640, such as a compass, amagnetometer, an accelerometer, or a gyroscope.

A wireless network communication interface 1645, such as a Bluetooth,WiFi, ZigBee, or cellular transceiver, is also coupled to the bus of thedepth sensing device 25 to send and receive digital or analogcommunications to and from other devices or over a network. A rangefinding sensor memory 1007 of the depth sensing device 25 can include adisinfection application 223 for commissioning of the luminaire 10 forexecution after installation or during commissioning to perform thedepth sensing procedures and protocols described herein, for example, todetermine the mounting height 910 of the luminaire 910. As part of thedisinfection application commissioning application 223, various inputsare received, outputs generated, and algorithms executed, some of whichare shown as being stored in the range finding sensor memory 1007. Therange findings sensor memory 1007, which is random access memory (RAM)in the example, typically provides non-persistent volatile storage.However, it should be understood that the disinfection application 223and any of the depicted inputs, outputs, and algorithms may be stored innon-volatile storage, shown as persistent storage, such as flash memory,which is where an operating system (not shown) of the depth sensingdevice 25 is stored.

As shown in FIG. 16, for example, captured images from the rear depthsensor 1400B, optional front depth sensor 1400A, rear facing camera1403, optional motion detection camera 1404, and front facing camera1405 are stored. Further, luminaire identifier 1750A-N that are capturedin images by the front facing camera 1405 or rear facing camera 1403, orreceived via wireless network communication interface 1645 in concertwith the images captured by the depth sensors 1400A-B are also stored inthe range finding sensor memory 1007. Range finding sensor memory 1007can also store a luminaire database, which is a library to use as apoint of reference to determine characteristics of a light fixture,including an angle, shape, or orientation of the light fixture, forexample, relative the ground. Characteristics can be retrieved, forexample, depending on the light fixture type, for example a pendant downlight suspended/hanging from the ceiling, a 2×4 feet light fixture flushmounted on the ceiling, or sconces hung on the wall for determining themounting height 910 to factor into the adjustment of UV radiationthreshold limit 133.

The depth sensing device 25 also includes a touchscreen 1420 to receiveuser input, for example, to initiate scanning of a physical space 2 andterminate scanning of the physical space 2. The depth sensing device 25also includes a battery 1665 to power the device and may include variousphysical communication interfaces 1670, such as universal serial bus(USB).

FIG. 17 is a high-level functional block diagram of the antimicrobialsystem 1 of luminaires 10A-N, the disinfection light control network 7;and various types of height controllers 905C-D (e.g., depth sensingdevices 25A-B, 1700) designed to commission a luminaire 10. The depthsensing devices include a single-sided depth sensing device 25A,dual-sided depth sensing device 25B, and a depth sensing headset 1700.As shown, the antimicrobial system 1 in a physical space 2 includes aplurality of luminaires 10A-N. Antimicrobial system 1 may also includeseparate disinfection LCDs 20A-O, including some number of networkconnected user interface elements, e.g. configured as wall switches56A-C, touch screen devices 57A-C, other wall controllers, or the likeas shown in FIGS. 2-3 and 13. For convenience, such sensors and userinterface components of the antimicrobial system 1 are omitted.

In most examples, the luminaires disinfect a physical space 2, such as aservice area, to a level useful for a human in or passing through thephysical space 2 via disinfection light source 16, e.g. regulardisinfection of a room or corridor in a building, such as a store,and/or provide an indoor visible light source via general illuminationlight source 18. In addition, the general light source 18 may be coupledto a light modulator 1753 for visible light communication (VLC). Thegeneral illumination light source 18 can output a luminaire identifier1750 as oscillating light (e.g., projection of a barcode) in combinationwith the illumination lighting 19 of the physical space 2.

To determine mounting height 910, three types of depth sensing devices25A-B, 1700 are shown in FIG. 17, including a single-sided depth sensingdevice 25A, a dual-sided depth sensing device 25B, and a depth sensingheadset 1700. The single-sided depth sensing device 25A and dual-sideddepth sensing device 25B were described previously in FIGS. 14A-B and15A-B. The depth sensing headset 1700 incorporates a depth sensingdevice in the form of eyewear, however, it should be understood that adepth sensing device can also be embodied as other wearable userinterface devices, including a head-wearable user interface device,e.g., a helmet, hat, etc.

The depth sensing headset 1700 in the example includes a frameworkconfigured to enable a user to wear the headset. Where the depth sensingheadset 1700 is a pair of eyeglasses, such as in the example of FIG. 17,the frame of the glasses forms the framework. Hence, in the example, theframework includes elements such as 1713 a, 1713 b forming lens framesfor two lenses 1714L and 1714R, a centerpiece 1715 and wings orside-arms of the eyeglass frame shown at 1705L, 1705R. The example alsoincludes side panels 1719L, 1719R attached to the respective wings1705L, 1705R. The form and framework of the eyeglasses are shown anddiscussed by way of example only. Other eyewear styles and arrangementsof frame elements may be used. For example, although shown as twolenses, some styles may use a single transparent panel. Other eyewearexamples may not include actual lenses, depending on the displaytechnology and/or on other intended uses of the eyewear.

Depth sensing headset 1700 in the example also may take other forms andtherefore may incorporate still other types of framework. Anotherheadgear type of the form factor, for example, is a helmet, e.g. for aworker at a construction site. As noted, in the eyewear example, withtwo lenses, the frame of the eyeglasses includes two lens frames as wellas two wings attached to opposite sides of the lens frames; however, ina helmet example, the shell of the helmet serves as or forms at leastpart of the framework for the headgear type wearable user interfacedevice.

The depth sensing headset 1700, in the example, includes one or moredepth sensors, cameras, or inputs usable to detect, identify and/orcommunicate with luminaires 10A-N and perform depth sensing to determinerespective mounting heights 910A-N of the luminaires 10A-N. Returning tothe illustrated eyewear, by way of an example, the depth sensing headset1700 includes a front facing camera 1710 and a rear facing camera 1743.In the example, the front facing camera 1710 is mounted on thecenterpiece 1715 between the lenses 1714L and 1714R. Other positions andmounting arrangements may be used for the front facing camera 1710. Thefront facing camera 1710 and rear facing camera 1743 in the example isof a type the same as or similar to cameras used in smartphones andother portable/mobile devices, capable of capturing still images andvideo. Such an example utilizes a camera that is sensitive to at least asubstantial range of the visible light spectrum. For lighting purposes,the front facing camera 1710 and rear facing camera 1743 can be used toidentify luminaires 10A-N are previously described.

The depth sensing headset 1700 also includes a front facing depth sensor1740A and a rear-facing depth sensor 1740B sensitive to energy ofstructured light, such as in the infrared regions of the light spectrum.Alternatively, structured light in the visible or UV light spectrum canbe used. In a first configuration, where both depth sensors 1740A-B areprovided, the depth sensing headset 1700 operates similar to thedual-sided depth sensing device 25B described previously. In a secondconfiguration, when the rear facing depth sensor 1740B is not includedin the depth sensing headset 1700, operation is similar to thesingle-sided depth sensing device 25A.

The front facing camera 1710 and front depth sensor 1740A are showndirected along the wearer's field of view to allow the ground levelobjects to disinfect of the installation physical space 2 to be viewedand to capture images of distortions of patterns of projected infraredlight on the objects to disinfect, such as the selected surface 188. Therear facing camera 1743 and the rear depth sensor 1740B has a differentorientation, with a field of view in another direction, e.g. straight upto the luminaires 10A-N in the example, or up or down at an angle withrespect to eye field of view. The straight up field of view allowsdetection of VLC light codes 1750A-N by the rear facing camera 1743 anddepth sensing by the rear depth sensor 1740B without requiring theuser/wearer to look directly at a bright general illumination lightsource 18 from a luminaire 10A-N. In some arrangements, the cameraangles may be adjustable. Based on the distances measured to an objectto disinfect and the luminaire 10, the mounting height 910 can bedetermined.

The depth sensing headset 1700 includes a display supported by theframework so as to be viewable by at least one eye of the user whenwearing the headgear. In an example, images captured by the rear facingcamera 1743 of a first field of view with luminaires 10A-N and imagescaptured by the front facing camera 1741 of a second field of view withobjects to disinfect (e.g., countertop) are viewed on the display toensure that the user is cognizant which of the different areas in thephysical space 2 are being scanned.

In the example, one or both of the lenses 1714L and 1714R serve as thedisplay (as well as allowing light to pass through to the eye(s) of thewearer of the headgear). For such an implementation, each lens element1714L or 1714R intended to serve as a display may be formed of or coatedwith material(s) to display data (e.g. text and/or still or videoimages) while still retaining sufficient transparency to allow thewearer to see and observe objects through the respective lens. However,the display need not be transparent, the device could be configured suchthat the display presents the camera image in real time (to appear as ifseen through a lens) with a presentation of data as an overlay on thereal-time image. In the example, the display covers primary lines ofsight or field of view of at least one of the user's eyes. Otherconfigurations, however, may provide the information display at asomewhat more peripheral position, e.g. located slightly outside theuser's primary line(s) of sight/field(s) of view.

Processing of information may be done on depth sensing devices 25A-B,1700 and/or in other data processors that communicate with the depthsensing devices 25A-B, 1700. The depth sensing devices 25A-B, 1700 forexample, could be relatively “dumb” with little or no processorcapability within the device itself, in which case, the processing isdone in the cloud by host/server computer 266, so to speak. In such acase, the depth sensing headset 1700, for example, may include onlysufficient circuitry to process received information so as to output theinformation to the wearer, e.g. to display received data like on amonitor. Alternatively, the depth sensing devices 25A-B, 1700, such asthe depth sensing headset 1700, may be a relatively intelligent devicewith significant internal processing capability.

The depth sensing headset 1700 also includes a wireless communicationinterface (e.g., a transceiver), a processor, a memory, and programmingin the memory. The processor and memory are supported by the frameworkof the depth sensing headset 1700. In the example, the processor andmemory would be part of the electronics 1721. Although the electronicsmay be mounted in various other ways and/or at other positions on thedepth sensing headset 1700, in the example, the electronics 1721 arelocated on the left side panel 1719L. In the example, the wirelesscommunication interface is included on or in the framework of the depthsensing headset 1700, e.g. as a further element of the electronics 1721on the panel 1719L.

The depth sensing headset 1700 may include a user input device ormechanism supported by the framework, e.g. in the form of a hardwaresensor and/or logic to sense a condition via the hardware sensor or viathe sensor that detects the lighting fixtures 450A-N (e.g., via thecamera). The user input in the example is a touchpad 1730 or other typeof touch sensor. Touchpad 1730, for example, may be a capacitive orother type of touch sensor similar to but typically smaller in size thantouchpads commonly used today on user terminal type computer devices.Although the touchpad 1730 may be mounted in various other ways and/orat other positions on the depth sensing headset 1700, in the example,the touchpad 1730 is located on the right side panel 1719R. In thatlocation, the touchpad 1730 has a touch surface exposed for touching byone or more fingers of the wearer's right hand. For left hand operation,a similar touchpad could be provided on the left side panel 1719L,instead of or in addition to the touch pad on the right side panel1719R. The user input could also be gestural through camera(s) (e.g. todetect hand movements, eye movements), through buttons on the framework,voice activated through a microphone or bone vibration sensor, throughrapid positional movements of the wearer's head using an accelerometerand/or gyro (e.g. flick head up rapidly), brain computer interfaces,etc. Another approach might use voice input and speech recognition todetect user inputs.

Although not shown, in addition to the elements discussed above, thedepth sensing headset 1700 may include one or more axis of rotationsensors 1640 (see FIG. 16) as described previously. The processor iscoupled to the display, the camera, the transceiver and the input, theprocessor being configured to control operations of the depth sensingheadset 1700 and has access to the programming in the memory. Inaddition to normal operations of the depth sensing headset 1700, theprogramming for the processor configures the headgear 1700 in ourexample to perform lighting related operations very similar to thesingle sided depth sensing device 25A and dual-sided depth sensingdevice 25B.

Examples of consumer devices that may serve as the depth sensing headset1700, having combinations of various capabilities like those outlinedabove, which are now or likely will soon be available on the market,include Google Glass, Recon Jet, Vuzix M100, GlassUp, Meta SpaceGlassesand Telepathy.

As further shown in FIG. 17, the luminaire 10 includes a uniqueluminaire identifier 1750, such as a tag code (e.g. paint on code,adhered barcode, QR code, RFID tag, etc.). The depth sensing devices25A-B, 1700 can read the luminaire identifier 1750 as an image, forexample, captured by the depth sensor 1400 of the depth sensing device25A-B, 1700. As described above, the luminaire identifier 1750 on theluminaires 10A-N may fluoresce in response to emission of infrared lightby the infrared projector of the depth sensing devices 25A-B, 1700 touniquely identify the luminaires 10A-N.

In our example, antimicrobial system 1 includes a data communicationnetwork, shown as disinfection light control network 7, thatinterconnects the links to/from the luminaire communication interfacesystem 155 of the luminaires 10A-N, so as to provide data communicationsamongst the luminaires 10A-N. The disinfection light control network 7may support data communication by equipment at the premises via wired(e.g. cable or optical fiber) media or via wireless (e.g. WiFi,Bluetooth, ZigBee, LiFi, IrDA, etc.) or combinations of wired andwireless technology. Such a disinfection light control network 7, forexample a short range or local area network (LAN), also is configured toprovide data communications for at least some of the luminaires 10A-Nand other equipment at the physical space 2, including the illustrateddepth sensing devices 25A-B, 1700 via a wide area network 255 outsidethe physical space 2, so as to allow luminaires 10A-N and depth sensingdevices 25A-B, 1700 at the premises to communicate with outside devicessuch as the cloud computing device 266.

The wide area network (WAN) 255 outside the premises may be a cellulardata network, Internet, etc., for example. In one example, the depthsensing devices 25A-B, 1700 transmit via the networks 7, 255 variouscaptured images from the depth sensors and cameras, axis of rotationsensor data, and luminaire 10 to the cloud computing device 266. Thecloud computing device 266 can include the disinfection application 223.In response to receiving the various images, axis of rotation sensordata, and luminaire identifiers 1750A-N, the cloud computing device 266may determine the mounting height 910.

FIGS. 18A-B depict a height controller 905C that is a single-sided depthsensing device 25A with a first field of view for a depth sensor 1400and a second field of view for a camera 1405 receiving a luminaireidentifier 1750, e.g., visual light communication (VLC) code, from aluminaire 10. As shown, a single-sided depth sensing device 25A isoriented such that the luminaires 10A-N in a physical space 2 arevisible in a front field of view 1810A where an RGB or black and whitecamera 1405 captures images of VLC codes that are encoded in visiblelight emitted by luminaires 10A-N to uniquely identify themselves. In arear field of view 1810B, a depth sensor 1400 of the single-sided depthsensing device 25A captures images of distortions in the projectedinfrared light by one or more objects to disinfect, such as a selectedsurface 188, at the ground level in the rear field of view 1810B.Although not shown, the single-sided depth sensing device 25A can berotated to allow the depth sensor 1400 of the single-sided depth sensingdevice 25A to capture images of distortions in the projected infraredlight by the luminaires 10A-N.

FIG. 18C depicts a height controller 905C that is a depth sensingheadset 1700 or autonomous vehicle carrying a depth sensing device withan upper field of view 1810C. As shown, the depth sensing headset 1700or robot is oriented such that the luminaires 10A-N in the physicalspace 2 are visible in an upper field of view 1810C where a depth sensor1400 of the depth sensing headset 1700 or robot captures images ofdistortions in the projected infrared light by the luminaires 10A-N inthe upper field of view 1810C.

FIGS. 19A-C depict a height controller 905C that is a dual-sided depthsensing device 25B with two fields of view. As shown, the dual-sideddepth sensing device 25B is oriented such that a first (e.g., front)depth sensor 1400A of the dual-sided depth sensing device 25B capturesimages of distortions in the projected infrared light by luminaires10A-N in a physical space 2 that are visible in an upper field of view1810C (e.g., front field of view). In a lower field of view 1810D (e.g.,rear field of view), a second depth sensor 1400B of the dual-sided depthsensing device 25B captures images of distortions in the projectedinfrared light by one or more object to disinfect. Although not shown,the dual-sided depth sensing device 25B can be oriented or rotated in amore vertical manner as opposed to the tilted orientation as shown inFIG. 19A to allow either one of the two depth sensors 1400A-B of thedual-sided depth sensing device 25B to capture images of distortions inthe projected infrared light by the luminaire 10 and the object todisinfect (e.g., selected surface 188). In one example, luminaireidentifiers 1750A-N (e.g., QR codes) are used to identify luminaires10A-N on the ceiling in the upper field of view 1810C from the imagescaptured by the infrared camera 1402 of the depth sensor 1400.

FIGS. 20A-B illustrate infrared light patterns projected by an infraredprojector 1401 of a depth sensor 1400 of a height controller 905C-D(e.g., depth sensing device 25A-B, 1700) and infrared light captured byan infrared camera 1402 of the depth sensor 1400 of the heightcontroller 905C-D. As shown in FIGS. 20A-B, projected infrared light2005A-B is emitted by an infrared emitter, such as the infraredprojector 1401. The projected infrared light 2005A-B can be modulated atdifferent rates per pixel, row, or column. The projected infrared light2005A-B and portions thereof can also be staggered in timing or emittedall at once. Objects to disinfect in a physical space 2, such as asurfaces 188A-N, cause distortions of the pattern in the projectedinfrared light 2005A-B, respectively. The distortions are captured by arespective infrared sensor, such as the infrared camera 1402, as thecaptured infrared light 2010A-B, respectively. Typically, there is alight ray for each of the infrared dots hitting the respective infraredcamera 1402. From the distortions, the distance from the depth sensingdevices 25A-B, 1700 to the object to disinfect (e.g., selected surface188) and the distance to the luminaire 10 can be measured. Based on themeasured distances, for example, the mounting height 910 is determined.

FIG. 21 is a block diagram of a disinfection lighting device (e.g.luminaire 10) like that of FIG. 1 that implements a separate firstdisinfection light source 2116A and second disinfection light source2216B, in the position of a single disinfection light source 16. Someelements and details of the luminaire 10 of FIG. 1 are omitted forclarity and readability (e.g., line power source 101, non-line powersource 102, optional general illumination light source 18 withillumination lighting 19, transceivers 156A-B and wired networkcommunication interface 157 of the luminaire communication interfacesystem 155, control signals 170A-B, optional disinfection LCD 20J,optional disinfection LCD 20A) but are nevertheless present oroptionally present respectively within the luminaire of FIG. 21, aspresented in FIG. 1.

A luminaire 10 with multiple disinfection light sources 2116A-B is ableto apply a more complex and effective disinfection protocol. The firstdisinfection light source 2116A can be set to a shorter wavelength,while the second disinfection light source 2116B can be set to a longerwavelength. A shorter wavelength is generally more disruptive tobacterial, viral, and any other natural carriers of nucleic acids, suchas deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) or ribonucleic acid (RNA). Humans 185,plants, and other animals are also natural carriers of nucleic acids,and as such generally short wavelength light can be dangerous to thehealth and survival of humans 185, plants, and other animals exposed tothat short wavelength light. However, ultraviolet (UV) light with aprincipal wavelength near 222 nanometers (nm) is safer to human eyes andskin than UV light with a principal wavelength near 254 nm—inparticular, UV light with a principal wavelength at or below 230 nmcannot effectively penetrate the layer of dead skin cells on the surfaceof human skin, nor can UV light with a principal wavelength at or below230 nm effectively penetrate the protein tear film layer of the humaneye. These are unexpected results, as the 222 nm principal wavelengthwould be expected to be more damaging to sensitive human tissues thanthe 254 nm principal wavelength, and is evidence of the criticality ofthe range of wavelengths around the 222 nm principal wavelength. As usedherein, “principal wavelength” indicates that 70% or more of thedisinfection light is within a stated UV band, while 30% or less of thedisinfection light is outside the stated UV band. Two or more UV bandsare considered “overlapping” if the principal wavelengths of the two ormore bands overlap: the disinfection light outside of the stated UVbands is not considered when determining UV band overlap. Though a 222nm principal wavelength is described, principal wavelengths as high as230 nm and 240 nm can still function as disinfecting principalwavelengths, while still presenting a minimal risk of harm to humansexposed to these higher principal wavelengths near 230 nm and 240 nm.Additionally, utilizing principal wavelengths lower than 200 nm canpresent material issues, as 200 nm and lower principal wavelengths canozonize the air in the physical space 2, thereby releasing ozone intothe air and potentially exposing humans in the physical space to highlevels of ozone.

Therefore, to disinfect and maintain disinfection in aperiodically-occupied physical space 2, a tiered exposure system can beimplemented. By utilizing the first disinfection light source 2116Awhile humans are in the physical space 2, disinfection of the pathogen187 can occur without extensive, unexpected, or undue harm to the humans185.

Pairing a first disinfection light source 2116A with a seconddisinfection light source 2116B can improve overall disinfectioneffectiveness and safety of the luminaire 10. The second disinfectionlight source 2116B, if set to a different wavelength, may performrelatively efficient disinfection of that physical space of pathogens187, as compared to the first disinfection light source 2116A: thesecond disinfection light source 2116B may operate at any principalwavelength to maximize disinfection rates, with less concern for humans185 present in the physical space 2: the physical space 2 is expected tobe unoccupied while the second disinfection light source 2116B operates.The second disinfection light source 2116B can also be used in cycles orbursts, in order to disinfect and deactivate pathogens 187, withoutextensive, unexpected, or undue harm to the humans 185 that mayinadvertently be in the physical space 2.

The first disinfection light source 2116A may be able to run constantly.Whether the first disinfection light source 2116A runs constantly orperiodically, the first disinfection light 2117A of the firstdisinfection light source 2116A can reduce, minimize, or prevent theincrease of the pathogen 187 population. The first disinfection lightsource 2116A may reduce the population of the pathogen 187 in thephysical space 2 over time, may reduce the first derivative of thepopulation of the pathogen 187 in the physical space 2 over time, or mayreduce the second derivative of the population of the pathogen 187 inthe physical space 2 over time. As pathogen 187 bacteria may reproduceexponentially, the act of reducing the pathogen 187 population value, orthe first or second derivative of the pathogen 187 population quantityover time, provides value to the disinfection process. A lower-overallpathogen 187 population at the time of operating the second disinfectionlight source 2116B can result in the second disinfection light source2116B having to deactivate less pathogens 187, and consequently thesecond disinfection light source 2116B may need to run for less time orat a lower intensity. Lower operating times and intensities for thesecond disinfection light source 2116B can improve safety andflexibility of the luminaire 10. Increased flexibility allows the seconddisinfection light source 2116B to be operated during more frequent,shorter, periods of time. This may also improve energy efficiency, aswell as the lifespan of the luminaire 10 as well as the disinfectionlight sources 2116A-B.

In a hypothetical example, assume the first disinfection light source2116A is able to suppress the growth rate of the pathogen 187 populationto zero, but is insufficient to reduce the pathogens 187 in the physicalspace 2. Further assume the second disinfection light source 2116B isable to deactivate half of the entire pathogen 187 population during oneminute of operation. In such a hypothetical example, the luminaire 10may be operated such that the second disinfection light source 2116B isoperated in short bursts of one minute each hour. In a luminaire 10without a first disinfection light source 2116A, the pathogen 187population would be able to repopulate during the fifty-nine minutes ofinactivity of the second disinfection light source 2116B. Therefore,additionally assume the pathogen 187 is able to double the pathogen 187population every fifty-nine minutes. In this hypothetical example, aftereach hour-long period when the second disinfection light source 2116B isactivated for a single minute, the population of pathogen 187 is thesame quantity at the beginning of the hour as the end of the hour: thepopulation is halved by the second disinfection light source 2116B, thendoubles from that halving while the second disinfection light source2116B is inactive. In this hypothetical example, the second disinfectionlight source 2116B is unable to fully disinfect the physical space 2 ofthe pathogen 187 without additional input. If the pathogen 187 were ableto double the pathogen 187 population every fifty-eight minutes, thepathogen 187 population would increase each hour, and eventually wouldoverwhelm or reach a carrying capacity of the physical space 2. However,if the first disinfection light source 2116A of this example is utilizedduring the fifty-nine minutes during which the second disinfection lightsource 2116B is not active, the pathogen 187 population quantity isunable to increase during the inactivity of the second disinfectionlight source 2116B. In this revised hypothetical example, every hour thepathogen 187 population reduces by half due to the effect of the seconddisinfection light source 2116B. Further, the pathogen 187 populationcannot increase due to the inhibiting effect of the first disinfectionlight source 2116A: ultimately the pathogen 187 population in thishypothetical eventually reaches a negligibly-small pathogen 187population.

The above hypothetical example uses a simplified set of assumptions,such as pathogen 187 populations increasing linearly (doubling everyfifty-nine minutes), and the first disinfection light 2117A disinfectingat a linear rate. It is understood that biological and viral populationgrowth rates are complex and multivariate, can have multiple maximumcarrying capacities, multiple minimum viable populations, and can beaffected by temperature, quantity of food or viral cellular targets,number of competing biological or viral agents, or illuminationlighting. These population growth-affecting variables can also havedifferent effects on population growth at varying points along apopulation growth chart. Consequently, the first disinfection light2117A and second disinfection light 2117B disinfection rate can also becomplex and multivariate: the disinfection rate can be affected by thesame factors which effect pathogen population 187 growth rates, as wellas disinfection light 2117A-B duration, intensity, brightness, as wellas the size and shape of bacteria and viruses agents, any reflectivecoating of these agents, and the ability of deactivated agents to maskor protect living agents (a layer of dead bacterial pathogens 187 mayobstruct the disinfection light 2117A-B from reaching a further layer ofliving bacterial pathogens 187, temporarily shielding the livingbacterial pathogens 187). The disinfection rate of the disinfectionlight 2117A-B may also be affected by physical, non-pathogenic objectsin the physical space 2 which may block, absorb, or reflect thedisinfection light 2117A-B. These complexities and variances may behedged against by determining a required amount of disinfection light2117A-B to obtain a certain population of pathogens 187, and thenincluding a factor of safety, such that certain variables related tobiological and viral population growth rates, as well as disinfectionlight 2117A-B disinfection rates may be ignored.

As previously disclosed, a disinfection light source 16 can may take theform of one or more lamps, LEDs or the like, etc. of any suitable type,such as krypton chloride lamps, mercury vapor lamps, in particularlow-pressure mercury vapor lamps, pulsed xenon lamps, nanophosphors),laser, multi-harmonic laser or laser system, or an ultraviolet-C (UV-C)LED. However, the disinfection light source 16 as disclosed in FIG. 1described multiple lamps, LEDs or the like, etc. all working inconcert—meaning the disinfection light source 16 was generallycontrolled to operate at the same intensity and wavelength throughoutthe entire disinfection light source 16, independent of the number ofincluded lamps, LEDs or the like, etc. In the example of FIG. 21, twodisinfection light sources 16 exist: a first disinfection light source2116A emitting a first disinfection light 2117A, and a seconddisinfection light source 2116B emitting a second disinfection lightsource 2117B.

Certain disinfection light sources 2116 have preferred or idealprincipal wavelengths. For example, a krypton chloride lamp generallyemits disinfection light 2117A at a principal wavelength near 222 nm. Ananophosphors generally emits disinfection light 2117A at a principalwavelength near 220 nm. A KrBr lamp generally emits disinfection light2117A at a principal wavelength near 207 nm. A UV-C LED emissiongenerally emits disinfection light 2117A at a principal wavelength at orbelow 240 nm, but preferably at or below 230 nm (e.g., from 200 nm to230 nm). A multi-harmonic laser or laser system generally emits at amultiple of the desired principal wavelength: for example, asecond-harmonic laser or laser system emits at 450 nm to 470 nm in orderto target a principal wavelength of 225 nm to 235 nm—a third-harmoniclaser or laser system emits at 675 nm to 705 nm in order to target aprincipal wavelength of 225 nm to 235 nm.

The first disinfection light source 2116A and second disinfection lightsource 2116B are controlled by a driver circuit 2111. The driver circuit2111 is substantially similar to the driver circuit 11 of FIG. 1: thehardware of the driver circuit 2111 may be the same as a driver circuit11 including both a disinfection light source 16 and a generalillumination light source 18. Depending upon the light source type ofthe first disinfection light source 2116A and the second disinfectionlight source 2116B, the driver circuit 2111 may have a differing firstdriver sub-circuit 2199A and second driver sub-circuit 2199B. Somedisinfection light sources, such as LEDs and lasers, generally operateon direct current, whereas most lamp-based disinfection light sourcesuse alternating current or custom pulsed current and voltage. A firstdisinfection light source 2116A that utilizes direct current willrequire a pre-driver to transform alternating current into directcurrent. If the first disinfection light source 2116A uses directcurrent, and the second disinfection light source uses alternatingcurrent, then the first driver sub-circuit 2199A will require apre-driver to transform alternating current from an alternating currentpower supply 105 into direct current. If both the first disinfectionlight source 2116A and the second disinfection light source 2116Butilize direct current, then the first driver sub-circuit 2199A and thesecond driver sub-circuit 2199B can share a pre-driver for transformingalternating current from an alternating current power supply 105 intodirect current. If LEDs are used as both the first disinfection lightsource 2116A and the second disinfection light source 2116B, then asingle driver circuit 2111 with no sub-driver circuits 2199A-B if thetargeted principal wavelengths of the first disinfection light source2116A and the second disinfection light source 2116B are close enoughtogether (e.g., 220 nm and 256 nm.) If a lamp is used, the first orsecond driver sub-circuit 2199A-B connected to that lamp may be acustomized lamp driver, designed to operate with that particular type oflamp.

The driver circuit 2111 is not limited to only two channels: a thirdchannel could be used for a general illumination light source 18, and atertiary, quaternary, etc. disinfection light source 16 could be addedto the luminaire 10 to account for additional targeted disinfection orillumination wavelengths. The driver circuit 2111 is able to run thefirst disinfection light source 2116A and the second disinfection lightsource 2116B independently: the first disinfection light source 2116Aand the second disinfection light source 2116B may run at differentintensities, one disinfection light source 2116A-B may be on when theother disinfection light source 2116B-A is off, and may run with dynamicor varying UV bands in the case of the first disinfection light source2116A and the second disinfection light source 2116B utilizing LEDs, apulsed xenon lamp, or other light sources with configurable wavelengthsor bands. Adjustments to the wavelength of either the first disinfectionlight source 2116A and the second disinfection light source 2116B may bemade independent of the other disinfection light source 2116A-B. Thedriver circuit 2111 may include limited logic to prevent overheating ofthe luminaire 10, or to prevent the luminaire 10 from electricallyoverloading the power supply 105 or the power sources (e.g., the linepower source 101 or non-line power source 102.)

Advantageously, separating the disinfection light source 16 into a firstdisinfection light source 2116A and a second disinfection light source2116B allows for the first disinfection light source 2116A and thesecond disinfection light source 2116B to be set to two differentwavelengths or wavelength ranges. The UV band of the first disinfectionlight 2117A can be UV-C band of approximately 200 nm to 250 nm principalwavelength, and the UV band of the second disinfection light 2117B ofapproximately 200 nm to 400 nm principal wavelength. Preferably, the UVband of the first disinfection light 2117A can be UV-C band ofapproximately 200 nm to 250 nm principal wavelength, and the UV band ofthe second disinfection light 2117B is approximately 250 nm to 380 nmprincipal wavelength.

The two different target UV bands serve different purposes: The firstdisinfection light 2117A can be less dangerous to humans 185, inparticular sensitive human 185 tissues such as skin and eyes: the firstdisinfection light 2117A is also still effective at disinfecting avicinity 180 of a pathogen 187, though in some circumstances the seconddisinfection light 2117B may take longer, or be less effective than thefirst disinfection light 2117A. Alternatively, the first disinfectionlight 2117A can be more effective at disinfecting a vicinity 180 of apathogen 187, but the second disinfection light 2117B could potentiallybe dangerous to human 185 occupants in the vicinity 180 of the firstdisinfection light 2117A, and therefore care is taken to reduce orprevent human 185 exposure to 254 nm principal wavelength disinfectionlight.

Therefore, dividing a disinfection light source 16 into a firstdisinfection light source 2116A and a second disinfection light source2116B allows an operator to utilize the respective advantages of 222 nmprincipal wavelength (and nearby wavelengths, e.g., 200 nm to 250 nm)light, as well as 254 nm principal wavelength (and wider wavelengths,e.g. 200 nm to 400 nm) light. The first disinfection light source 2116Amay be activated to emit the first disinfection light 2117A while humans185 are within the vicinity 180. The second disinfection light source2116B may be activated to emit the second disinfection light 2117B whenno humans 185 are detected within the vicinity 180. As previouslydiscussed, the first disinfection light 2117A can decrease, stabilize,or reduce the increase of a pathogen 187 population in the vicinity 180,potentially as often as twenty-four hours a day, while the seconddisinfection light 2117B can substantially and relatively efficientlydecrease the population of the pathogen 187 in the vicinity 180, duringbursts or periods of time wherein a human 185 is not present within thevicinity 180.

In order to facilitate the independent operation of the firstdisinfection light source 2116A and the second disinfection light source2116B, the luminaire memory 131 stores certain values within theluminaire memory 131. The UV radiation threshold limit 133 is stored inthe luminaire memory 131 for both the first disinfection light source2116A and the second disinfection light source 2116B. The predetermineddose period 134 is stored in the luminaire memory 131 for both the firstdisinfection light source 2116A and the second disinfection light source2116B. These values may also be stored within other components ormembers of the disinfection control group 8, as well as in the cloudcomputing device 266 or another device connected to the WAN 255

The UV radiation threshold limit 133 and the predetermined dose period134 can be stored in the luminaire memory 131. The UV radiationthreshold limit 133 is a UV radiation limit for safe exposure of a human185 to the UV band over the predetermined dose period 134 of time. Thefirst disinfection light source 2116A and the second disinfection lightsource 2116B can operate for different dose periods (e.g., a 10 hourdose period for the first disinfection light source 2116A, and a 15minute dose period for the second disinfection light source 2116B), andthe first disinfection light 2117A and the second disinfection light2117B can operate at different UV bands or principal wavelengths (e.g.222 nm for the first disinfection light source 2116A, 254 nm for thesecond disinfection light source 2116B). Therefore, the firstdisinfection light source 2116A can affect the UV radiation thresholdlimit 133 at a different rate than the second disinfection light source2116B.

There is a total UV radiation threshold exposure level 135 stored in theluminaire memory 131. A human 185 can only tolerate so much UV radiationsafely, based on the intensity, wavelength, or duration of that UVradiation: the total UV radiation threshold exposure level 135 includesthose factors when determining the total UV radiation threshold exposurelevel 135 value, and therefore is agnostic as to the particularcircumstances (intensity, wavelength, duration) of how a human 185 mightexceed the total UV radiation threshold exposure level 135. Whether thefirst disinfection light source 2116A, the second disinfection lightsource 2116B, or both the first disinfection light source 2116A and thesecond disinfection light source 2116B together are responsible for theradiation exposure of the vicinity 180 reaching the total UV radiationthreshold exposure level 135 is irrelevant for safety purposes: once thetotal UV radiation threshold exposure level 135 is exceeded, by anymeans, the first disinfection light source 2116A and the seconddisinfection light source 2116B should cease operation untildisinfection may be safely resumed.

The dose cycle 136 corresponds to the predetermined dose period 134, andis a fraction or multiple thereof. The dose cycle 136 starts at abeginning time 138, and cycles from that beginning time 138 untilcompletion, with the time between the beginning time 138 and completionbeing the elapsed time 141. A dose cycle 136 has a plurality of periods137A-N. Splitting the periods 137A-N (e.g., on cycles) of the dose cycle136 across the first disinfection light source 2116A and the seconddisinfection light source 2116B, enables the first disinfection lightsource 2116A and the second disinfection light source 2116B to havelower power requirements, which means the rectifier (e.g., included inthe power supply 105 or the driver circuit 2111) can be implemented in asmaller form factor. In examples where the second disinfection lightsource 2116B is only activated during periods where the firstdisinfection light source 2116A is active, the power requirements acrossthe entire lighting system 2201 can still be managed. For example, aluminaire 10A can run its respective first disinfection light source2116A and second disinfection light source 2116B while luminaires 10B-Conly run their respective first disinfection light source 2116A.Staggering the use of second disinfection light sources 2116B within thelighting system 2201 by powering the second disinfection light source2116B of a select grouping of luminaires 10A-G while the remaininggrouping of luminaires 10H-N have unpowered second disinfection lightsources 2116B, then alternating the use such that the seconddisinfection light source 2116B of the select grouping of luminaires10A-G are unpowered while the remaining grouping of luminaires 10H-Nhave powered second disinfection light sources 2116B (or any number ofgroupings beyond two) can allow for lower peak power requirements of theantimicrobial system 1, as compared to the peak power requirementsassociated with all luminaires 10A-N running both of their respectivefirst disinfection light sources 2116A and second disinfection lightsources 2116B.

A pathogen UV radiation level 139 is stored in the luminaire memory 131.As the pathogen UV radiation level 139 represents a UV radiation levelthat is sufficient to reduce the pathogen 187 by a desired amount 140,different pathogen UV radiation levels 139 may be required to act as ameasure of sufficient radiation to achieve desired disinfection levelsof the pathogen 187 based upon the pathogen 187 targeted fordisinfection.

Continuing, the desired amount (e.g., desired log reduction) 140 bywhich the amount of target pathogen 187 is desired to be reduced by isstored in the luminaire memory 131, and may depend upon the pathogen187. For example, the desired amount 140 of reduction of a seasonalinfluenza target pathogen 187 required in order to eliminate seasonalinfluenza in an influenza-prone vicinity 180 may be less that thedesired amount 140 of reduction of a botulism target pathogen 187required in order to eliminate botulism in a botulism-prone vicinity180. For example, presume influenza is often airborne in the air 189,while botulism resides on surfaces 188. After a desired amount 140 ofviral reduction of the airborne influenza occurs, but before a larger,second desired amount 140 of bacterial reduction of the surface-basedbotulism occurs, the antimicrobial system 1 may indicate that the air189 in the vicinity 180 is safe for a human 185 to breathe, while thesurfaces 188 have yet to be fully disinfected.

The super dose level 142 is stored in the luminaire memory 131. Thesuper dose level 142 is an elevated dosage level of radiation beyond thestandard dosage of radiation in a dose cycle 136. The super dose level142 may vary to facilitate the particular requirements of a particularpathogen 187, to accommodate differing electrical and light propertiesof the first disinfection light source 2116A and the second disinfectionlight source 2116B, as well to accommodate the electrical requirementsof the luminaire 10 and the lighting system 2201.

In some examples, the first disinfection light source 2116A does nothave a super dose level 142, either because the first disinfection lightsource 2116A is a light source designed to operate at a singleintensity, because the normal dose level of the first disinfection lightsource 2116A is the maximum intensity of the first disinfection lightsource 2116A, or because the luminaire 10A is otherwise not configuredto operate the first disinfection light source 2116A at multipleintensities. The first disinfection light source 2116A in such examplesemits a consistent intensity of first disinfection light 2117A. In otherexamples, the second disinfection light source 2116B only operates at asuper dose level 142. In such examples, if the second disinfection light2116B only operates at a “super dose level” without having a “doselevel”, the distinction is nevertheless drawn in terms of functionality:in these examples, the tasks of “dosing” versus “super dosing” have beendivided between two disinfection light sources 2116A-B.

In the luminaire 10 of FIG. 1, the disinfection light source 16 iscapable of both operating at a normal dosing intensity, as well as asuper dosing intensity. In this example of FIG. 21, the operation of thedisinfection light source 16 during both normal dosing and super dosingcan be split between two disinfection light sources 2116A-B. The firstdisinfection light source 2116A, which can be designed and optimized toefficiently operate at a normal dosing intensity, may be configured toonly operate at a normal dosing intensity. The second disinfection lightsource 2116B can be designed and optimized to efficiently operate at asuper dosing intensity. In such an example, the first disinfection lightsource 2116A may operate poorly if forced to operate at a super dosingintensity: the first disinfection light source 2116A would use anoutsized amount of electricity, would experience an outsized amount ofwear on the first disinfection light source 2116A, or would damage theluminaire 10 or the physical space 2. Similarly, such a seconddisinfection light 2116B may operate poorly if forced to operate at anormal dosing intensity. For example, the second disinfection lightsource 2116B can only operate at a minimum intensity, higher than thenormal dosing intensity: an attempt to operate at a normal dosingintensity might result in the second disinfection light source 2116B notproducing any second disinfection light 2117B; or the seconddisinfection light 2116B may operate erratically at normal dosingintensity, exposing humans 185 in the vicinity 180 to an unknown andpotentially dangerous quantity of UV radiation. Separating andspecializing these two disinfection light sources 2116A-B, therebyreserving the first disinfection light source 2116A for normal doses ofUV radiation and the second disinfection light source 2116B for superdoses of UV radiation can result in superior disinfection, reduced wear,and higher energy efficiency, as compared to a luminaire with a singledisinfection light source.

The first disinfection light source 2116A and the second disinfectionlight source can also emit at different intensities, or the sameintensity: therefore, at least one light intensity 2145 value is storedin the luminaire memory 131. If the first disinfection light source2116A and the second disinfection light source 2116B are capable ofemitting at different intensities, then separate light intensity 2145values can be stored in the luminaire memory 131. Storing multiple lightintensity 2145 values does not preclude the first disinfection lightsource 2116A and the second disinfection light source 2116B fromoperating at the same light intensity. The light intensity 2145 may belowered depending upon occupancy of the physical space 2. Additionally,the light intensity 2145 is tracked over the dose cycle 136 to determinethe overall intensity of disinfection light 2117A-B and therebydisinfection effectiveness, as an intensity history 2146 in theluminaire memory 131.

As the first disinfection light source 2116A and the second disinfectionlight source 2116B can be differing types of lights (e.g., lamps orLEDs), and can operate at different times and intensities, the luminaire10 can track a separate total disinfection light source on time 143 forboth the first disinfection light source 2116A and the seconddisinfection light source 2116B. Separate total disinfection lightsource on time 143 records for both the first disinfection light source2116A and the second disinfection light source 2116B can result inseparate maintenance and utilization records, which facilitate efficientrepair and replacement of either the first disinfection light source2116A or the second disinfection light source 2116B without having toreplace both disinfection light sources 2116A-B at the same time.

The luminaire 10 can also track a separate rated lifetime limit 145 forboth the first disinfection light source 2116A and the seconddisinfection light source 2116B. As the first disinfection light source2116A and the second disinfection light source 2116B can be operated atdifferent intensities, and may be different types of light sourcesentirely, the first disinfection light source 2116A and the seconddisinfection light source 2116B may have materially different ratedlifetime limits 145. As the first disinfection light source 2116A andthe second disinfection light source 2116B can operate at differenttimes and intensities, and have differing rated lifetime limits 145, thefirst disinfection light source 2116A and the second disinfection lightsource 2116B may reach their respective rated lifetime limits 145 atdifferent times, and may require separate repair or replacementmaintenance cycles.

FIG. 22 is a high-level functional block diagram of an example of alighting system 2201 that includes a plurality of luminaires 10A-N likethe antimicrobial system 1 of FIG. 2, and a plurality of disinfectionlight control devices 20A-M. FIG. 22 is substantially similar to FIG. 2,except that luminaires 10A-N of FIG. 22 include a first disinfectionlight source 2116A and a second disinfection light source 2116B.Lighting system 2201 implements the disinfection light exposure anddosage limit control protocol. The disinfection exposure and dosagecontrol protocol also includes communications in support of turning afirst disinfection light source 2116A and a second disinfection lightsource 2116B of luminaires 10A-N on/off, adjusting intensity, sensortrip events, and other control signals 170A-N, 2170A-B. As shown, thecontrol signals 170E-N can be received from disinfection light controldevices 20A-M via the disinfection light control network 7.

Therefore, FIGS. 21 and 22 disclose an example luminaire 10, including afirst disinfection light source 2116A to emit a first disinfection light2117A in a first ultraviolet (UV) band for disinfecting an occupiedspace 2 of a pathogen 187 that is exposed to the first disinfectionlight 2117A, the first UV band being 200 nanometers (nm) to 250 nmprincipal wavelength. The system further includes a second disinfectionlight source 2116B to emit a second disinfection light 2117B in a secondultraviolet (UV) band for disinfecting an unoccupied space 2 of thepathogen 187 that is exposed to the second disinfection light 2117B, thesecond UV band being 200 nanometers (nm) to 400 nm principal wavelength.

Preferably, the first and second disinfection light sources 2116A, 2116Bare different types of light sources. For example, the firstdisinfection light source 2116A may include a krypton chloride lamp, ora second-harmonic laser system. The second disinfection light source2116B may include a pulsed xenon lamp, mercury vapor lamp, or anultraviolet-C (UV-C) light emitting diode (LED).

Preferably, the first UV band and the second UV band arenon-overlapping, the first UV band is only 200 nm to 250 nm principalwavelength, and the second UV band is only 250 nm to 380 nm principalwavelength.

A driver circuit 2111 can be coupled to the first disinfection lightsource 2116A to control light source operation of the first disinfectionlight source 2116A, and coupled to the second disinfection light source2116B to control light source operation of the second disinfection lightsource 2116B. The luminaire 10 can include a luminaire control circuit12, including a luminaire processor 130 coupled to the driver circuit2111 and configured to control the first disinfection light source 2116Aand the second disinfection light source 2116B via the driver circuit2111. A luminaire memory 131 accessible to the luminaire processor 130,including exposure and dosage control programming 132, wherein executionof the exposure and dosage control programming 132 by the luminaireprocessor 130 causes the luminaire 10 to perform functions. First, theluminaire 10 controls the first disinfection light source 2116A over adose cycle 136 to emit the first disinfection light 2117A continuouslyor during a plurality of periods 137A-N for disinfecting the occupiedspace 2 to substantially obtain a pathogen UV radiation level 139 andrestrict a total UV radiation threshold exposure level 135 by a UVradiation threshold limit 133. Second, the luminaire 10 controls thesecond disinfection light source 2116B to emit the second disinfectionlight 2117B for disinfecting the unoccupied space 2.

Further, controlling the first disinfection light source 2116A over thedose cycle 136 can cause the luminaire 10 to emit the first disinfectionlight 2117A for disinfecting the occupied space 2. The luminaire 10 canfurther track an elapsed time 141 of the dose cycle 136 based on abeginning time 138. The luminaire 10 can further adjust the total UVradiation threshold exposure level 135 based on an emission of the firstdisinfection light 2117A continuously or during the plurality of periods137A-N. The luminaire 10 can further determine whether the total UVradiation threshold exposure level 135 falls below or exceeds the UVradiation threshold limit 133.

Additionally, controlling the first disinfection light source 2116A overthe dose cycle 136 can cause the luminaire 10 to reduce a lightintensity 2145 of the emission of the first disinfection light. Theluminaire 10 can further track an intensity history 2146 of the dosecycle based on the beginning time 138 and the light intensity 2145.

The luminaire 10 can be coupled to a lighting system 2201 via a network7 or WAN 255 to control light source operation of the first disinfectionlight source 2116A, and the second disinfection light source 2116B. Thislighting system 2201 controlling light source operation of the firstdisinfection light source 2116A and the second disinfection light source2216B can also be a separate lighting system, building management system(BMS), or cloud system.

FIGS. 21 and 22 also disclose an example antimicrobial system 2201,including a luminaire 10A including a first disinfection light source2116A to emit a first disinfection light 2117A in a first ultraviolet(UV) band. The first disinfection light source 2116A disinfects anoccupied space 2 of pathogens 187 by exposing the pathogens 187 to thefirst disinfection light 2117A. The first UV band of the firstdisinfection light 2117A emitted by the first disinfection light source2116A is 200 nanometers (nm) to 250 nm in principal wavelength. Theluminaire 10 further includes a second disinfection light source 2116Bto emit a second disinfection light 2117B in a second UV band. Thesecond disinfection light source 2116B disinfects an unoccupied space 2of the pathogens 187 by exposing the pathogens 187 to the seconddisinfection light 2117B. The second UV band of the second disinfectionlight 2117B emitted by the second disinfection light source 2116B is 200nm to 400 nm in principal wavelength. The antimicrobial system 2201 alsoincludes a disinfection light control device 20A-M to generate a controlsignal 170 to control emission of the first disinfection light 2117A andthe second disinfection light 2117B.

The luminaire 10A of the antimicrobial system 2201 can include a drivercircuit 2111. Driver circuit 2111 is coupled to the first and seconddisinfection light sources 2116A, 2116B, respectively, to control theoperation thereof. The driver circuit 2111 can include a first driversub-circuit 2199A and a second driver sub-circuit 2199B, which arecoupled to the first and second disinfection light sources 2116A, 2116B,respectively, to control the operation thereof. The luminaire 10A canalso include a luminaire control circuit 12 that includes a luminaireprocessor 130 coupled to the driver circuit 2111. The luminaireprocessor 130 is configured to control the first and second disinfectionlight sources 2116A, 2116B via the driver circuit 2111. Luminaire 10further includes a luminaire memory 131 that is accessible to theluminaire processor 130. Luminaire memory 131 includes exposure anddosage control programming 132, wherein execution of the exposure anddosage control programming 132 by the luminaire processor 130 causes theluminaire 10 to perform functions. Such functions include receiving acontrol signal 170 to control emission of the first disinfection light2117A and the second disinfection light 2117B, and controlling, via thedriver circuit 2111, the first disinfection light source 2116A and thesecond disinfection light source 2116B based on the control signal 170.

The disinfection light control device 20A-M can include a detector 47,and the control signal 170 includes a sensing signal 170A indicatingthat a human 185 is present in a vicinity 180 or not present in thevicinity 180.

The detector 47 can produce the sensing signal 170A indicating that thehuman is present in the vicinity 180. In response to receiving thesensing signal 170A indicating that the human is present in the vicinity180, the antimicrobial system 2201 causes the driver circuit 2111control the first disinfection light source 2116A to emit the firstdisinfection light 2117A. The detector 47 can also produce the sensingsignal 170A indicating that the human is not present in the vicinity180. In response to receiving the sensing signal 170A indicating thatthe human is not present in the vicinity 180, the antimicrobial system2201 causes the driver circuit 2111 control the second disinfectionlight source 2116B to emit the second disinfection light 2117B.

The detector 47 can include a passive infrared sensor, an activeinfrared sensor, or an image sensor that captures images andsubsequently processes the captured images to detect the human 185 inthe vicinity 180. The detector 47 can also include radar-based sensorsto detect humans 185, wireless (e.g. Bluetooth, Wi-Fi) signal levelsensors to detect personal digital devices and thereby estimate thenumber of humans 185 in the physical space 2, as well as people countingsensors to detect humans 185.

The control signal 170 can include a sensing signal 170A indicating thata human 185 is present in a vicinity 180 or not present in the vicinity180, an on/off signal responsive to a wall switch 20D-F or a touchscreen device 20G-I, a time of day 170D, or a combination thereof. Thedisinfection light control device 20A-M can include a user interfacedevice 500.

The plurality of pathogens 187 can include different microorganisms,bacteria, viruses, protozoa, prions, fungal spores, or other infectiousagents. The first UV band and the second UV band can be non-overlapping,the first UV band can be only 200 nm to 250 nm principal wavelength, andthe second UV band can be only 250 nm to 380 nm principal wavelength.

Any of the steps or functionality, e.g., of the disinfection lightcontrol techniques, such as disinfection light exposure and dosage limitcontrol protocol, described herein for luminaires 10A-N, disinfectionlight control devices 20A-P, gateway 220, cloud computing device 266,and height controller 905 can be embodied in programming or one moreapplications as described previously. This includes, for example,exposure and dosage control programming 132, disinfection application223, pathogen sensor programming 751, and range finding sensorprogramming 915. According to some embodiments, “function,” “functions,”“application,” “applications,” “instruction,” “instructions,” or“programming” are program(s) that execute functions defined in theprograms. Various programming languages can be employed to create one ormore of the applications, structured in a variety of manners, such asobject-oriented programming languages (e.g., Objective-C, Java, or C++),procedural programming languages (e.g., C or assembly language), orfirmware. In a specific example, a third-party application (e.g., anapplication developed using the ANDROID™ or IOS™ software developmentkit (SDK) by an entity other than the vendor of the particular platform)may be mobile software running on a mobile operating system such asIOS™, ANDROID™ WINDOWS® Phone, or another mobile operating system. Inthis example, the third-party application can invoke API calls providedby the operating system to facilitate functionality described herein.

Hence, a machine-readable medium may take many forms of tangible storagemedium. Non-volatile storage media include, for example, optical ormagnetic disks, such as any of the storage devices in any computer(s) orthe like, such as may be used to implement the client device, mediagateway, transcoder, etc. shown in the drawings. Volatile storage mediainclude dynamic memory, such as main memory of such a computer platform.Tangible transmission media include coaxial cables; copper wire andfiber optics, including the wires that comprise a bus within a computersystem. Carrier-wave transmission media may take the form of electric orelectromagnetic signals, or acoustic or light waves such as thosegenerated during radio frequency (RF) and infrared (IR) datacommunications. Common forms of computer-readable media thereforeinclude for example: a floppy disk, a flexible disk, hard disk, magnetictape, any other magnetic medium, a CD-ROM, DVD or DVD-ROM, any otheroptical medium, punch cards paper tape, any other physical storagemedium with patterns of holes, a RAM, a PROM and EPROM, a FLASH-EPROM,any other memory chip or cartridge, a carrier wave transporting data orinstructions, cables or links transporting such a carrier wave, or anyother medium from which a computer may read programming code and/ordata. Many of these forms of computer readable media may be involved incarrying one or more sequences of one or more instructions to aprocessor for execution.

The scope of protection is limited solely by the claims that now follow.That scope is intended and should be interpreted to be as broad as isconsistent with the ordinary meaning of the language that is used in theclaims when interpreted in light of this specification and theprosecution history that follows and to encompass all structural andfunctional equivalents. Notwithstanding, none of the claims are intendedto embrace subject matter that fails to satisfy the requirement ofSections 101, 102, or 103 of the Patent Act, nor should they beinterpreted in such a way. Any unintended embracement of such subjectmatter is hereby disclaimed.

Except as stated immediately above, nothing that has been stated orillustrated is intended or should be interpreted to cause a dedicationof any component, step, feature, object, benefit, advantage, orequivalent to the public, regardless of whether it is or is not recitedin the claims. It will be understood that the terms and expressions usedherein have the ordinary meaning as is accorded to such terms andexpressions with respect to their corresponding respective areas ofinquiry and study except where specific meanings have otherwise been setforth herein. Relational terms such as first and second and the like maybe used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another withoutnecessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or orderbetween such entities or actions. The terms “comprises,” “comprising,”“includes,” “including,” “containing,” “contains,’ “having,” “has,”“with,” or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover anon-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, orapparatus that comprises or includes a list of elements or steps doesnot include only those elements or steps but may include other elementsor steps not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method,article, or apparatus. An element preceded by “a” or “an” does not,without further constraints, preclude the existence of additionalidentical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus thatcomprises the element.

Unless otherwise stated, any and all measurements, values, ratings,positions, magnitudes, sizes, and other specifications that are setforth in this specification, including in the claims that follow, areapproximate, not exact. Such amounts are intended to have a reasonablerange that is consistent with the functions to which they relate andwith what is customary in the art to which they pertain. For example,unless expressly stated otherwise, a parameter value or the like mayvary by as much as ±10% from the stated amount. As used herein, theterms “substantially” or “approximately” mean the parameter value variesup to ±10% from the stated amount.

In addition, in the foregoing Detailed Description, it can be seen thatvarious features are grouped together in various examples for thepurpose of streamlining the disclosure. This method of disclosure is notto be interpreted as reflecting an intention that the claimed examplesrequire more features than are expressly recited in each claim. Rather,as the following claims reflect, the subject matter to be protected liesin less than all features of any single disclosed example. Thus, thefollowing claims are hereby incorporated into the Detailed Description,with each claim standing on its own as a separately claimed subjectmatter.

While the foregoing has described what are considered to be the bestmode and/or other examples, it is understood that various modificationsmay be made therein and that the subject matter disclosed herein may beimplemented in various forms and examples, and that they may be appliedin numerous applications, only some of which have been described herein.It is intended by the following claims to claim any and allmodifications and variations that fall within the true scope of thepresent concepts.

1. A luminaire, comprising: a first disinfection light source to emit afirst disinfection light in a first ultraviolet (UV) band fordisinfecting an occupied space of a pathogen that is exposed to thefirst disinfection light, the first UV band being 200 nanometers (nm) to250 nm principal wavelength; and a second disinfection light source toemit a second disinfection light in a second UV band for disinfecting anunoccupied space of the pathogen that is exposed to the seconddisinfection light, the second UV band being 200 nm to 400 nm principalwavelength.
 2. The luminaire of claim 1, wherein the first disinfectionlight source includes a krypton chloride lamp.
 3. The luminaire of claim1, wherein the first disinfection light source includes asecond-harmonic laser system.
 4. The luminaire of claim 1, wherein thesecond disinfection light source includes a pulsed xenon lamp, a mercuryvapor lamp, or an ultraviolet-C (UV-C) light-emitting diode (LED). 5.The luminaire of claim 1, wherein: the first UV band and the second UVband are non-overlapping; the first UV band is only 200 nm to 250 nmprincipal wavelength; and the second UV band is only 250 nm to 380 nmprincipal wavelength.
 6. The luminaire of claim 1, further comprising: adriver circuit coupled to the first disinfection light source to controllight source operation of the first disinfection light source, andcoupled to the second disinfection light source to control light sourceoperation of the second disinfection light source.
 7. The luminaire ofclaim 6, further comprising: a luminaire control circuit including: aluminaire processor coupled to the driver circuit and configured tocontrol the first disinfection light source and the second disinfectionlight source via the driver circuit; a luminaire memory accessible tothe luminaire processor; and exposure and dosage control programming inthe luminaire memory, wherein execution of the exposure and dosagecontrol programming by the luminaire processor causes the luminaire to:control the first disinfection light source over a dose cycle to emitthe first disinfection light continuously or during a plurality ofperiods for disinfecting the occupied space to substantially obtain apathogen UV radiation level and restrict a total UV radiation thresholdexposure level by a UV radiation threshold limit; and control the seconddisinfection light source to emit the second disinfection light fordisinfecting the unoccupied space.
 8. The luminaire of claim 7, wherein:controlling the first disinfection light source over the dose cyclecauses the luminaire to: (a) emit the first disinfection light fordisinfecting the occupied space; (b) track an elapsed time of the dosecycle based on a beginning time; (c) adjust the total UV radiationthreshold exposure level based on an emission of the first disinfectionlight continuously or during the plurality of periods; and (d) determinewhether the total UV radiation threshold exposure level falls below orexceeds the UV radiation threshold limit.
 9. The luminaire of claim 8,wherein: controlling the first disinfection light source over the dosecycle causes the luminaire to: (e) reduce a light intensity of theemission of the first disinfection light; and (f) track an intensityhistory of the dose cycle based on the beginning time and the lightintensity.
 10. The luminaire of claim 1, wherein: the luminaire iscoupled to a lighting system via a network to control light sourceoperation of the first disinfection light source, and coupled to thesecond disinfection light source to control light source operation ofthe second disinfection light source.
 11. An antimicrobial system,comprising: a luminaire including: a first disinfection light source toemit a first disinfection light in a first ultraviolet (UV) band fordisinfecting an occupied space of a plurality of pathogens that areexposed to the first disinfection light, the first UV band being 200nanometers (nm) to 250 nm principal wavelength; and a seconddisinfection light source to emit a second disinfection light in asecond UV band for disinfecting an unoccupied space of the plurality ofpathogens that are exposed to the second disinfection light, the secondUV band being 200 nm to 400 nm principal wavelength; and a disinfectionlight control device to generate a control signal to control emission ofthe first disinfection light and the second disinfection light.
 12. Theantimicrobial system of claim 11, wherein the luminaire includes: adriver circuit coupled to the first disinfection light source to controllight source operation of the first disinfection light source, andcoupled to the second disinfection light source to control light sourceoperation of the second disinfection light source.
 13. The antimicrobialsystem of claim 12, wherein the luminaire includes: a luminaire controlcircuit including: a luminaire processor coupled to the driver circuitand configured to control the first disinfection light source and thesecond disinfection light source via the driver circuit; a luminairememory accessible to the luminaire processor; and exposure and dosagecontrol programming in the luminaire memory, wherein execution of theexposure and dosage control programming by the luminaire processorcauses the luminaire to: receive the control signal to control emissionof the first disinfection light and the second disinfection light; andcontrol, via the driver circuit, the first disinfection light source andthe second disinfection light source based on the control signal. 14.The antimicrobial system of claim 13, wherein: the disinfection lightcontrol device includes a detector; the control signal includes asensing signal indicating that a human is present in a vicinity or notpresent in the vicinity.
 15. The antimicrobial system of claim 14,wherein controlling, via the driver circuit, the first disinfectionlight source and the second disinfection light source based on thecontrol signal causes the luminaire to: in response to receiving thesensing signal indicating the human is present in the vicinity, emit thefirst disinfection light.
 16. The antimicrobial system of claim 14,wherein controlling, via the driver circuit, the first disinfectionlight source and the second disinfection light source based on thecontrol signal causes the luminaire to: in response to receiving thesensing signal indicating the human is not present in the vicinity, emitthe second disinfection light.
 17. The antimicrobial system of claim 14,wherein: the detector includes a passive infrared sensor, an activeinfrared sensor, or an image sensor that captures images andsubsequently processes the captured images to detect the human in thevicinity.
 18. The antimicrobial system of claim 14, wherein: thedetector includes a radar sensor, a wireless signal sensor, or a peoplecounting sensor to detect the human in the vicinity.
 19. Theantimicrobial system of claim 11, wherein: the control signal includes:(i) a sensing signal indicating that a human is present in a vicinity ornot present in the vicinity; (ii) an on/off signal responsive to a wallswitch or a touch screen device; (iii) a time of day; or (iv) acombination thereof.
 20. The antimicrobial system of claim 11, wherein:the disinfection light control device includes a user interface device.21. The antimicrobial system of claim 11, wherein: the plurality ofpathogens include different microorganisms, bacteria, viruses, protozoa,prions, fungal spores, or other infectious agents.
 22. The antimicrobialsystem of claim 11, wherein: the first UV band and the second UV bandare non-overlapping; the first UV band is only 200 nm to 250 nmprincipal wavelength; and the second UV band is only 250 nm to 380 nmprincipal wavelength.